Electrically scanning microwave radiometer
The electrically scanning microwave radiometer was an instrument carried by the Nimbus-5 satellite, precursor to the scanning multichannel microwave radiometer and special sensor microwave/imager instruments.
The ESMR instrument only senses horizontally polarized radiation at a frequency of 19 GHz, and can be used to calculate sea ice concentration. However, results are difficult to intercompare to SMMR / SSMI. The ESMR scanned along the satellite track, leading to a wide range of incident angles; SMMR scanned with a constant angle of 50 degrees, allowing both horizontally and vertically polarised data to be received; SMMR also had 5 instead of one channels, leading to improved sea ice retrievals.
