List of Augustae
Augusta was a Roman imperial honorific title given to empresses and women of the imperial families. It was the feminine form of Augustus. In the third century, could also receive the titles of,, and .
The title implied the greatest prestige. could issue their own coinage, wear imperial regalia, and rule their own courts.
Agrippina, the wife of Claudius, was the first living wife of the emperor in Roman history to receive the title of, a position she held for the rest of her life, ruling with her husband and son.
In the third century, Julia Domna was the first empress to receive the combined title after the death of her husband Septimius Severus, which may have implied greater powers being vested in her than was usual for a Roman empress mother. In this official position and honor, she accompanied her son on an extensive military campaign and provincial tour.
Principate period
Julio-Claudian dynasty
| Portrait | Name | Birth | Date of naming | Description | Death |
| Livia | 30 January 58 BC | AD 14 | Wife of Emperor Augustus and mother of Emperor Tiberius. | 28 September AD 29 | |
| Antonia Minor | 31 January 36 BC Athens | AD 41 | Mother of Emperor Claudius. | AD 37 Rome | |
| Agrippina the Younger | 7 November AD 15 Oppidum Ubiorum | AD 50 | Wife of Emperor Claudius and mother of Emperor Nero | 23 March AD 59 Misenum | |
| Poppaea Sabina | AD 30 Pompeii | AD 63 | Wife of Emperor Nero. | AD 65 Rome | |
| Claudia Augusta | 21 January AD 63 Antium | AD 63 | Daughter of Emperor Nero. | April AD 63 |
Flavian dynasty
| Portrait | Name | Birth | Date of naming | Description | Death |
| Domitilla the Younger | 45 | Before 80 | Daughter of Emperor Vespasian. | 66 | |
| Domitia Longina | 50 | 80 | Wife of Emperor Domitian. | After 120 |
Nerva–Antonine dynasty
| Portrait | Name | Birth | Date of naming | Description | Death |
| Pompeia Plotina | 54–68 | 105 | Wife of Emperor Trajan. | 123 | |
| Ulpia Marciana | 48 | 105 | Sister of Emperor Trajan. | 112–114 | |
| Salonia Matidia | 4 July 68 | 112 | Niece of Emperor Trajan. | 23 December 119 | |
| Vibia Sabina | 13 August 83 | 128 | Wife of Emperor Hadrian. | 136–137 | |
| Faustina the Elder | 21 September 100 | 138 | Wife of Emperor Antoninus Pius. | 140 | |
| Faustina the Younger | 125–130 | 1 December 147 | Daughter of Emperor Antoninus Pius; wife of Emperor Marcus Aurelius; mother of Emperor Commodus. | 175 | |
| Lucilla | 148–150 | 164 | Daughter of Emperor Marcus Aurelius and wife of Emperor Lucius Verus. | 182 | |
| Bruttia Crispina | 164 Rome | 177 | Wife of Emperor Commodus. | 191 Capri |
Year of the Five Emperors
| Portrait | Name | Birth | Date of naming | Description | Death |
| Manlia Scantilla | 193 | Wife of Emperor Didius Julianus. | 193 | ||
| Didia Clara | 153 Rome | 193 | Daughter of Emperor Didius Julianus. | Unknown |
Severan dynasty
| Portrait | Name | Birth | Date of naming | Description | Death |
| Julia Domna | Wife of Emperor Septimius Severus. | 217 | |||
| Fulvia Plautilla | 185—189 | 210s | Wife of Emperor Caracalla. | 212 | |
| Julia Cornelia Paula | 219 | First wife of Emperor Elagabalus. | |||
| Aquilia Severa | 220 | Second and fourth wife of Emperor Elagabalus. As a Vestal Virgin her marriage to the Emperor was very controversial. | |||
| Julia Avita Mamaea | 180 | 222 | Mother of Emperor Alexander Severus and co-regent, in his name, during his adolescence. | 235 | |
| Sallustia Orbiana | 225 | Wife of Emperor Alexander Severus. |
Crisis of the Third Century
| Portrait | Name | Birth | Date of naming | Description | Death |
| Tranquillina | c. 225 | 241 | Wife of Emperor Gordian III. | After 244 | |
| Marcia Otacilia Severa | 240s | Wife of the Emperor Philip the Arab. | |||
| Herennia Etruscilla | Unknown | September 249 | Wife of Emperor Trajan Decius; mother of Emperor Herennius Etruscus and Emperor Hostilian. | 253 | |
| Cornelia Supera | 253 | Wife of Aemilianus. | |||
| Cornelia Salonina | Unknown | 253 | Wife of Emperor Gallienus. | 268 | |
| Sulpicia Dryantilla | c. 260 | Wife of usurper Emperor Regalianus, who named her as part of legitimizing his claim. | 260 | ||
| Victoria | 271 | Mother of Victorinus | 271 | ||
| Zenobia | 240 | 272 | Queen of the Palmyrene Empire, a short lived splinter empire that revolted during the Crisis. She proclaimed herself and annexed the Eastern Mediterranean from Rome. | c. 275 | |
| Ulpia Severina | 274 | Wife of Emperor Aurelian; possibly reigned in her own right after the death of her husband in 275. | |||
| Magnia Urbica | 283 | Wife of Emperor Carinus. |
Dominate period
Tetrarchy
| Portrait | Name | Birth | Date of naming | Description | Death |
| Galeria Valeria | 308 | Daughter of Emperor Diocletian and wife of Emperor Galerius. | 315 |
Constantinian dynasty
| Portrait | Name | Birth | Date of naming | Description | Death |
| Fausta | 289 | 324 | Wife of Constantine I and daughter of Emperor Maximian. Mother of: Constantina, Constantine II, Constantius II, Constans I and Helena. | 326 | |
| Helena | 246—250 | c.324–325 | Mother of Constantine I and ex-wife or mistress of Emperor Constantius Chlorus. | 18 August 330 | |
| Constantina | 307—317 | After 312, before 337. | Daughter of Emperor Constantine I. Wife of Hannibalianus, Rex Regum et Ponticarum Gentium, "King of Kings and of the Pontic People". Wife of Caesar Constantius Gallus. | 354 |
Valentinianic dynasty
| Portrait | Name | Birth | Date of naming | Description | Death |
| Galla Placidia | 392 | c. 416 | Daughter of Theodosius I, wife of Constantius III, regent for her son Valentinian III. | 27 November 450 | |
| Justa Grata Honoria | After 426 | Sister of Valentinian III. |
Theodosian dynasty
| Portrait | Name | Birth | Date of naming | Description | Death |
| Aelia Flaccilla | Before 385 | Wife of Emperor Theodosius I. | 386 | ||
| Eudoxia | 9 January 400 | Wife of Emperor Arcadius. | 6 October 404 | ||
| Pulcheria | 19 January 398–399 | 414 | Daughter of Arcadius, sister of Theodosius II, and then wife of Marcian. | July 453 | |
| Eudocia | 401 | 2 January 423 | Wife of Theodosius II | 20 October 460 | |
| Licinia Eudoxia | 422 | 439 | Daughter of Theodosius II, Wife of Valentinian III. | 462 |
Leonid dynasty
| Portrait | Name | Birth | Date of naming | Description | Death |
| Marcia Euphemia | c. 453 | Daughter of Marcian by an unknown woman. Wife of Anthemius. | 472 | ||
| Verina | 457 | Wife of Leo I, sister of Basiliscus, mother of Ariadne and Leontia. | 484 | ||
| Ariadne | before 457 | 474 | Daughter of Leo I. Wife of Zeno. Mother of Leo II. Wife of Anastasius I. | 515 | |
| Zenonis | 475 | Wife of Basiliscus. | 476–477 |
Byzantine period
Justinian dynasty
| Portrait | Name | Birth | Date of naming | Description | Death |
| Euphemia Εὐφημία, Euphemia Augusta | 518 | Wife of Justin I. Originally named Lupicina, renamed Euphemia on her husband's accession. | c.523/4, before 527. | ||
| Theodora I Θεοδώρα, Theodora Augusta | c. 500 | 9 August 527 | Wife of Justinian I. | 28 June 548 | |
| Sophia Σοφία, Aelia Sophia Augusta | 568 | Wife of Justin II, intermittent regent. | c. 601 | ||
| Ino Anastasia Ἰνὼ Ἀναστασία, Aelia Anastasia Augusta | 578 | Wife of Emperor Tiberius II. | 593 | ||
| Constantina Κωνσταντῖνα | c. 560 | 582 | Wife of Emperor Maurice. | c. 605 | |
| Leontia Λεοντία | 602 | Wife of Emperor Phocas. |
Heraclian dynasty
| Portrait | Name | Birth | Date of naming | Description | Death |
| Fabia Eudokia, Εύδοκία | 5 October 610 | First wife of Heraclius. | 13 August 612 | ||
| Augustina, Αὐγουστίνα | 639 | Daughter of Heraclius. | |||
| Martina Μαρτίνα | 639 | Second wife of Heraclius, regent of Constantine III and Heraclonas | |||
| Fausta Φαύστα | 642 | Wife of Constans II. | After 668 |
Isaurian dynasty
| Portrait | Name | Birth | Date of naming | Description | Death |
| Maria Μαρία | 25 August 718 | Wife of Emperor Leo III the Isaurian. | |||
| Anna Ἄννα | 741–742 | Wife of Artabasdos. | |||
| Eudokia Ευδοκια | 1 April 769 | Third wife of Emperor Constantine V. | |||
| Irene of Athens Eἰρήνη η Ἀθηναία | 17 December 769 | Wife of Emperor Leo IV the Khazar, empress dowager and regent from 780 to 797. | 9 August 803 |
Nikephorian dynasty
| Portrait | Name | Birth | Date of naming | Description | Death |
| Prokopia Προκοπία | 12 October 811 | Daughter of Emperor Nikephoros I and wife of Michael I Rhangabe. | After 813 |
Amorian dynasty
| Portrait | Name | Birth | Date of naming | Description | Death |
| Theodora II the Armenian Θεοδώρα | 830 | Wife of Emperor Theophilos and regent of Michael III. | After 867 | ||
| Thekla Θέκλα | 830s | Daughter of Theophilos. | |||
| Anna Ἄννα | 830s | Daughter of Emperor Theophilos. | |||
| Anastasia Ἀναστασία | 830s | Daughter of Emperor Theophilos. |
Macedonian dynasty
| Portrait | Name | Birth | Date of naming | Description | Death |
| Zoe Zaoutzaina Ζωή Ζαούτζαινα | 898 | Third wife of Leo VI the Wise | May 899 | ||
| Theodora Θεοδώρα | 921 | Wife of Romanos I. | 20 February 922 | ||
| Helena Lekapene Ἑλένη Λεκαπηνή | February 922 | Wife of Constantine VII. | 19 September 961 | ||
| Sophia Σοφία | February 922 | Wife of Christopher Lekapenos. | |||
| Anna Ἄννα | 933 | Daughter of Gabalas and wife of Stephen Lekapenos. | |||
| Theophano Θεοφανώ | c. 941 | c. 956 | Wife of Romanos II and Nikephoros II Phokas | a. 978 | |
| Zoe Porphyrogenita | c. 978 | 1028 | Daughter of Constantine VIII Wife of Romanos III Argyros, Michael IV the Paphlagonian and Constantine IX Monomachos | 1050 | |
| Theodora Porphyrogenita | c. 980 | 1042 | Daughter of Constantine VII | 1056 |
Komnenos dynasty
| Portrait | Name | Birth | Date of naming | Description | Death |
| Catherine of Bulgaria Αἰκατερίνη | before 1018 | 1057 | Empress-consort of Emperor Isaac I Komnenos. | after 1059 |
Doukid dynasty
| Portrait | Name | Birth | Date of naming | Description | Death |
| Eudokia Makrembolitissa Ευδοκία Μακρεμβολίτισσα | 1059–1067 | Second wife of Constantine X Doukas and later wife of Romanos IV Diogenes, also regent of Michael VII Doukas | 1096 |
Palaiologos dynasty
| Portrait | Name | Birth | Date of naming | Description | Death |
| Anna of Savoy Ἄννα | 1306 | Wife of Andronikos III Palaiologos, mother and regent of John V Palaiologos. | 1365 | ||
| Helena Dragaš Ἑλένη Δραγάση | 1372 | Wife of Manuel II Palaiologos. | 1450 |