The sailing vessel Mandalay is a three-masted schooner measuring at the waterline, with an almost indestructible Danish wrought ironhull. It was built as the private yachtHussar , and would later become the research vessel Vema, one of the world's most productive oceanographic research vessels. The ship currently sails as the cruising yachtMandalay in the Caribbean.
Designed by Cox & Stevens and built in 1923 by Burmeister & Wain in Copenhagen for E. F. Hutton and his wife Marjorie Merriweather Post, the 585-ton luxury yacht Hussar, had an iron-hull and represented the epitome of maritime luxury and glamour in her class. Interiors were designed by William Baumgarten & Co of New York, and was the first American firm to do the interior decoration of a ship abroad. Upon her completion in Denmark, King Christian X of Denmark was invited to inspect the ship prior to its maiden crossing to New York. It was one of the fastest yachts, breaking the transatlantic record in 10 days, 21 hours. The yacht was affiliated with the New York Yacht Club,and spent the winters in the Florida Keys with frequent guests Billie Burke, along with Florenz Ziegfeld who Hutton liked to deep sea fish with.
Norwegian yacht'', Vema''
In the late 1920s the Hutton's decided they wanted a larger yacht, so they commissioned the construction of the Hussar . The Hussar IV was put up for sale in September 1930, and eventually sold to Norwegian shipping magnate, G. Unger Vetlesen and his wife Maude Monell and renamed Vema, a combination of Vetlesen and Maude. The Vetlesens spent many pleasurable days at sea.
Vema started circling the globe as the first of the Lamont Geological Observatory research vessels, a research unit of Columbia University.. Displaying a black hull, she was used to collect samples of seawater and sediment cores, measure currents and heat flows, perform underwater photography and seismic studies, and map out ocean floors. The work on the ship helped to confirm the continental drift theory. By the time of her retirement in 1981, the Vema had collected data on a record track of. Notable scientists who worked aboard the Vema include Maurice Ewing, Bruce C. Heezen, Ralph Roessler, J. Lamar Worzel, Jack Nafe, Frank Press, and Walter Pitman, all of whose work was greatly facilitated by Marine Technical Coordinator Robert Gerard, who was responsible for the fitting and refitting of LDEO marine research vessels from the Vema through her successors, the Conrad, Eltanin, and, including the design and installation of numerous pieces of customized scientific measurement equipment critical to their research.
Seafloor features
The Vema was instrumental in the exploration of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The Vema Fracture Zone, crossing the Mid-Atlantic Ridge at, was named for her. G.R. Hamilton aboard RV Vema discovered this feature in 1956.
During the seafloor explorations the Vema Seamount was discovered in 1959; the seamount rises from a depth of almost 5,000 meters to just 11 meters below sea level, and is located in the South Atlantic about 1,000 km west-north-west of Cape Town, at.
Vema Knoll at and Vema Gap at are located adjacent to each other, 500 km north of Puerto Rico.
The Vema Channel is a deep trough in the Rio Grande Rise of the South Atlantic at. Discovered during one of Vema's journeys, it has a depth of 4,646 m and a width of 18 km, serving as a conduit for the Antarctic Bottom Water and Weddell Sea bottom water.
Other research vessels of the LDEO
, 1962–1989
, 1962–1974
, 1988–2005
, 2004-
Cruising yacht ''Mandalay''
The ship was refitted again as a cruising yacht for the Caribbean under the name SV Mandalay with a sail area of >. The ship was operated byWindjammer Barefoot Cruises from 1982 until the operator went out of business in 2008. Mandalay subsequently was purchased at auction, refurbished, and used as specialty cruise ship in the Galapagos islands off Ecuador by Angermeyer Cruises. The S/V Mandalay is currently scheduled through Sail Windjammer, Inc. She sails weekly out of Grenada for one and two-week cruises in the Grenadines.