Timeline of historical geopolitical changes

This is a timeline of country and capital changes around the world. It includes dates of declarations of independence, changes in country name, changes of capital city or name, and significant changes in territory such as the annexation, cession, or secession of land.
The types of changes listed here usually include the alteration of borders, the creation and fall of states, changes of geographical names, as well as a few geographical changes caused by unusually destructive natural disasters. Through the knowledge of such dates and events, the approximate year and age of a world map could be calculated and estimated.
Not all maps of the world created during a given age or period will be the same across the globe, as different mapmakersor their employersmay have different views on the sovereignty or territorial integrity of the countries of the world or possess different levels of technological sophistication or geographical insight.
The timeline below presents its information in reverse chronological order, beginning in the modern era and working backwards.
This article uses the Common Calendar System, which was established as the new Christian Calendar by Pope Gregory XIII in 1582. The Common Calendar uses the designation Common Era for years starting 1 January 1 CE, and Before Common Era for years before that date. The Common Calendar also follows the ordinal numbers rather than the cardinal numbers, so there was no "year zero" in this format; that is, the date 1 January 1 CE immediately followed the date 31 December 1 BCE. For the same reason, while the 2000s began on Saturday, 1 January 2000 CE, the official Third Millennium began on Monday, 1 January 2001 CE.

21st century

2010s

Year	Date	Event
2019	20 March	Kazakhstan changes the name of its capital from Astana to Nur-Sultan in honour of ex-President Nursultan Nazarbayev after the Constitution of Kazakhstan is amended.
2019	12 February	The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia adopts the name Republic of North Macedonia as part of the Prespa agreement, under which Greece will no longer veto the country's accession to NATO and the European Union.
2018	24 December	Burundi moves its capital from Bujumbura to Gitega.
2018	16 December	Georgia moves its legislative capital from Kutaisi back to Tbilisi.
2018	9 July	Ethiopia ends its occupation of Badme and returns the town to Eritrea following a peace summit, ending their 20-year border conflict.
2018	19 April	The Kingdom of Swaziland changes its name to the Kingdom of Eswatini.
2018	2 February	The International Court of Justice rules that a strip of northern Isla Portillos at the mouth of the San Juan River in Nicaragua belongs to Costa Rica.
2018	1 January	Belgium and The Netherlands finalize an exchange of territory along the Meuse River. The agreement, initially signed on 28 November 2016, involves a one-for-two swap of three tiny islands, with the Netherlands gaining of land near Oost-Maarland, so that pene-exclaves caused by the straightening of the Meuse can be fixed. Presqu'ile de L'llal and Presqu'ile d'Eijsden, which were formerly Belgian, were swapped for a former Dutch piece of land, Presqu'ile Petit-Gravier.
2017	24 June	Egypt transfers sovereignty of Sanafir Island and Tiran Island to Saudi Arabia.
2017	9 April	Following a referendum, the Republic of South Ossetia changes its name to the Republic of South Ossetia – the State of Alania.
2017	21 February	The Nagorno-Karabakh Republic changes its name to the Republic of Artsakh a day after a constitutional referendum takes place. The Republic of Azerbaijan continues to consider Nagorno-Karabakh as part of its sovereign territory, a position shared by the United Nations.
2017	29 January	The Islamic Republic of The Gambia changes its name back to the Republic of The Gambia.
2016	2 May	The Czech Republic votes to adopt Czechia as its official short-form name in English.
2015	16 December	The International Court of Justice cedes 3 km² to Costa Rica, resolving the Costa Rica–Nicaragua San Juan River border dispute with Nicaragua.
2015	11 December	By presidential decree, the Republic of The Gambia changes its name to the Islamic Republic of The Gambia.
2015	12 November	Pakistan formally agrees to lease its Gwadar Port to China until 2059.
2015	6 June	India and Bangladesh exchange 162 enclaves along their borders, simplifying the border.
2015	8 May	Niger and Burkina Faso, in continuation with the implementation of the judgement of the International Court of Justice concerning the 2013 Burkina Faso–Niger Frontier Dispute case, agreed to exchange 18 towns over the following year.
2015	21 March	After the 2014–15 Yemeni coup d'état, the capital of Yemen is provisionally moved from Sana'a to Aden.
2014	23 September	The maritime border between the United States and Niue was defined. The treaty was signed on 13 May 1997, but it was not ratified by the United States until at least 2002, and the United Nations stated it entered into force on this date.
2014	11 May	The Donetsk People's Republic and Luhansk People's Republic declare their independence from Ukraine following a status referendum. Donetsk and Luhansk are proclaimed as their capitals. The referendum's results and the so-called republics' declarations were internationally unrecognized.
2014	18 March	The Republic of Crimea was annexed by the Russian Federation as two separate federal entities: the Republic of Crimea and the city of federal significance Sevastopol. Ukraine itself and much of the international community maintain that Crimea is illegally occupied by Russia and legally remains an integral region of Ukraine.
2014	27 January	The maritime dispute between Chile and Peru is resolved.
2013	24 October	The Republic of Cape Verde decrees the official English-language rendering of its name to be the Republic of Cabo Verde, following precedents set by Côte d'Ivoire and Timor-Leste.
2013	28 September	The United Federated States of Bangsamoro Republik ceases to exist with the loss of Zamboanga City.
2013	27 July	The United Federated States of Bangsamoro Republik declares independence from the Philippines and claims all of Malaysian Borneo.
2013	16 April	A border dispute between Niger and Burkina Faso is finally resolved, resulting in minor changes to the previously recognized border.
2013	7 January	The Libyan National Congress unofficially changes the name of the country from Libya to the State of Libya, which will be used until a new constitution is adopted.
2012	29 November	The United Nations votes to upgrade the status of Palestine from "entity" to "non-member observer state," effectively granting it recognition.
2012	19 November	Judgment of the ICJ about the maritime dispute between Nicaragua and Colombia.
2012	20 August	The Somali Republic changes its name to the Federal Republic of Somalia.
2012	12 July	The State of Azawad capitulates and is taken over by Ansar Dine, an Islamist group aiming for establishing Mali as an Islamist state, effectively being reabsorbed by the Republic of Mali.
2012	26 May	Georgia moves its legislative capital from Tbilisi to Kutaisi. Tbilisi remains the administrative capital.
2012	6 April	Azawad proclaims its independence from the Republic of Mali as the State of Azawad with Timbuktu as its capital.
2012	1 January	The Hungarian Republic changes its name to Hungary.
2011	31 December	Samoa and Tokelau switch to the western side of the International Date Line, skipping 30 December entirely.
2011	23 October	Libya supersedes the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya after its defeat at the Battle of Sirte by the National Transitional Council.
2011	1 September	Due to the loss of Tripoli on 27 August, the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya moves its capital from Tripoli to Sirte.
2011	27 August	The National Transitional Council takes over Tripoli, moving its capital from Benghazi to Tripoli.
2011	9 July	Southern Sudan gains independence from Sudan as the Republic of South Sudan after a referendum the previous January, with Juba as its capital.
2011	27 February	After the Libyan Civil War started on 15 February, the National Transitional Council was formed to act as "the political face of the revolution", based in Benghazi.
2011	2 February	The Republic of the Fiji Islands changes its name back to the Republic of Fiji.
2011	11 January	The People's Republic of China has received from Tajikistan after a final ratification of a treaty ceding it
2010	21 October	The Union of Myanmar changes its name to the Republic of the Union of Myanmar.
2010	10 October	The Kingdom of the Netherlands dissolves the Netherlands Antilles and makes Curaçao and Sint Maarten two of its four constituent countries. Bonaire, Saba, and Sint Eustatius become special municipalities of the Netherlands.

2000s

Year	Date	Event
2009	1 September	The United Kingdom changes the name of the British Overseas Territory of Saint Helena and Dependencies to Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha. Jamestown on Saint Helena remains the capital.
2009	7 February	The Republic of Bolivia changes its name to the Plurinational State of Bolivia. La Paz and Sucre remain the capitals.
2008	27 August	The Russian Federation recognizes the independence of the Republic of South Ossetia and the Republic of Abkhazia from Georgia. Georgia and much of the international community maintain that they are both were illegally occupied by Russia during Russo-Georgian War and legally remain integral regions of Georgia. Their capitals are Tskhinval and Sukhumi, respectively.
2008	28 May	The State of Nepal changes its name to the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal.
2008	17 February	The Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija declares its independence from the Republic of Serbia as the Republic of Kosovo. Priština remains the capital. Serbia maintains that Kosovo remains a part of Serbia.
2007	22 October	The Republic of Montenegro changes its name to Montenegro.
2007	21 February	The French Republic separates the Overseas Collectivity of Saint-Barthélemy and the Overseas Collectivity of Saint-Martin from the Overseas Region of Guadeloupe. Gustavia and Marigot are the capitals respectively.
2007	15 January	The Kingdom of Nepal changes its name to the State of Nepal.
2006	7 October	The Republic of Palau moves its capital from Koror to Ngerulmud.
2006	14 August	The Federal Republic of Nigeria transfers sovereignty of Bakassi to the Republic of Cameroon.
2006	5 June	The Republic of Serbia supersedes the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro. Belgrade remains the capital.
2006	3 June	Montenegro secedes from the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro as the Republic of Montenegro. Podgorica remains the capital.
2005	6 November	The Union of Myanmar moves its capital from Yangon to Naypyidaw.
2004	1 September	The Secretariat of the Antarctic Treaty administering Antarctica and all lands and waters south of the 60th parallel south establishes its headquarters in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
2004	27 February	The French Republic elevates the Overseas Collectivity of French Polynesia to the Overseas Country of French Polynesia.
2004	4 January	The Islamic State of Afghanistan changes its name to the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan.
2003	26 May	The Rwandese Republic changes its name to the Republic of Rwanda.
2003	28 March	The French Republic revises its constitution. New polities include:
2003	28 March	The Overseas Region of Réunion. Saint-Denis remains the capital. The Overseas Territory of French Southern and Antarctic Lands. Port-aux-Français remains the administrative center.
2003	28 March	The Overseas Collectivity of French Polynesia. Papeetē remains the capital. The Overseas Collectivity of Wallis and Futuna. Mata-Utu remains the capital.
2003	28 March	The Overseas Region of Guadeloupe. Basse-Terre remains the capital. The Overseas Region of Martinique. Fort-de-France remains the capital. The Overseas Collectivity of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon. Saint-Pierre remains the capital.
2003	28 March	The Overseas Region of Guyane. Cayenne remains the capital.
2003	4 February	The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia changes its name to the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro.
2002	21 May	The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland changes the title of each of its British Dependent Territories to that of a British Overseas Territory. The citizens of each British Overseas Territory gain full British citizenship.
2002	20 May	East Timor gains independence from the Portuguese Republic as the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste. East Timor was occupied by Indonesia in 1975, and was placed under United Nations administration in 1999. Dili remains the capital.
2002	10 March	The Union of the Comoros reabsorbs the de facto independent State of Anjouan and the Democratic Republic of Mohéli. Mutsamudu and Fomboni yield to Moroni as the capital.
2002	14 February	The State of Bahrain changes its name to the Kingdom of Bahrain.
2001	23 December	The Federal Islamic Republic of the Comoros changes its name to the Union of the Comoros.
2001	13 November	The Islamic State of Afghanistan supersedes the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan.
2001	1 July	The "temporarily independent" Puntland State of Somalia adopts a new constitution explicitly identifying itself as part of the Somali Republic. Garowe yields to Mogadishu as the capital.
2001	January	Taloqan, the de facto capital of the Islamic State of Afghanistan government, falls to the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan. The capital moves to Fayzabad.
2000	16 July	Somalia changes its name to the Somali Republic.
2000	11 June	Colombia returns its capital city's name from Santa Fe de Bogotá to Bogotá, Distrito Capital.
2000	6 February	The Chechen Republic of Ichkeria capitulates and is reabsorbed by the Russian Federation. Ƶovxar-Ġala yields to Moscow as the capital.

20th century

1990s

Year	Date	Event
1999	31 December	The United States of America transfers full ownership of the Panama Canal Zone to the Republic of Panama.
1999	20 December	The Republic of Venezuela changes its name to the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.
1999	20 December	The Portuguese Republic transfers sovereignty of Macau to the People's Republic of China as the Macau Special Administrative Region.
1999	10 June	The United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo is formed in the Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
1999	19 March	The French Republic renames its Territory of New Caledonia as the special collectivity of New Caledonia in preparation for eventual independence.
1998	24 December	The Republic of Bougainville is taken over by Papua New Guinea.
1998	16 December	Part of the undefined border in the Southern Patagonian Ice Field is defined by Chile and Argentina.
1998	1 August	The Puntland State of Somalia declares independence from the Federal Republic of Somalia. Garowe becomes its capital.
1998	22 July	The Sovereign Democratic Republic of Fiji supersedes the Republic of the Fiji Islands.
1998	6 May	The Republic of Kazakhstan changes the name of its capital from Aqmola to Astana.
1997	10 December	The Republic of Kazakhstan moves its capital from Almaty to Aqmola.
1997	11 August	The Democratic Republic of Mohéli declares independence from the Union of the Comoros. Fomboni becomes its capital.
1997	3 August	The State of Anjouan declares independence from the Union of the Comoros. Mutsamudu becomes its capital.
1997	4 July	Independent State of Western Samoa changes its name to the Independent State of Samoa.
1997	1 July	The United Kingdom transfers sovereignty of Hong Kong to the People's Republic of China as the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
1997	25 May	The capital of the Islamic State of Afghanistan is moved to Taloqan from Mazar-i-Sharif.
1997	17 May	The Republic of Zaire changes its name back to the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
1997		The Republic of the Fiji Islands changes its name to the Republic of Fiji.
1996	26 September	The Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan is formed, and declares its capital Kabul, captured from the Islamic State of Afghanistan, whose capital moves to Mazar-i-Sharif
1996	The Chechen Republic of Ichkeria changes the name of its capital Grozny to Dzokhar-Ghala.	-
1996	The United Republic of Tanzania moves its capital from Dar-es-Salaam to Dodoma.	-
1995	14 December	The Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina unite to form Bosnia and Herzegovina. Sarajevo remains the capital.
1995	24 August	The Republic of Georgia is renamed Georgia.
1995	22 August	Ethiopia is renamed the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia.
1995	7 August	The Republic of Western Bosnia is taken over by the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
1995	26 July	The Republic of Western Bosnia declares independence from the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
1995	1 January	The International Date Line is moved around Kiribati.
1994	21 October	The Laguna del Desierto, claimed by Chile, is awarded to Argentina by arbitration.
1994	1 October	Palau gains full independence from the United States of America as the Republic of Palau. Koror is the capital.
1994	7 July	The Democratic Republic of Yemen is reunited with Yemen.
1994	21 May	The Democratic Republic of Yemen secedes from Yemen. Aden is the capital.
1994	27 April	The nominally independent republics of Transkei, Bophuthatswana, Venda and Ciskei are incorporated back into the Republic of South Africa.
1994	1 March	The Republic of South Africa transfers the sovereignty of Walvis Bay and the Penguin Islands to the Republic of Namibia.
1993	24 September	The restored Kingdom of Cambodia supersedes the.
1993	24 May	The State of Eritrea secedes from the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. Asmara is the capital.
1993	5 May	The Republic of Kyrgyzstan changes its name to the Kyrgyz Republic.
1993	28 January	The Republic of Kazakhstan changes the name of its capital from Alma-Ata to Almaty.
1993	1 January	The Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic gain full independence with the dissolution of the Czech and Slovak Federative Republic. Prague remains the capital of the Czech Republic and Bratislava remains the capital of the Slovakia.
1992	8 October	The Estonian Government in Exile, a legal continuation of the formerly Soviet-occupied Republic of Estonia, is disestablished after the restoration of the constitutional order of Estonia.
1992	22 September	The Republic of Kosova declares independence from the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Pristina is the capital.
1992	12 September	The Democratic Republic of Madagascar changes its name to the Republic of Madagascar.
1992	27 August	The People's Republic of Angola changes its name to the Republic of Angola.
1992	12 August	The Serbian Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina is renamed the Republika Srpska.
1992	23 July	The Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia declares its independence from Georgia as the Republic of Abkhazia. Sukhumi remains the capital. Georgia denounces the intervention of the Russian Federation and declares the succession illegal.
1992	27 April	The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia supersedes the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
1992	6 April	The Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina secedes from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia as the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Sarajevo remains the capital.
1992	15 March	The is taken over by the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia in order to put the government-in-exile National Government of Cambodia back in power.
1992	12 March	The Chechen Republic is renamed the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria.
1992	12 February	Mongolia supersedes the Mongolian People's Republic.
1992	15 January	The Socialist Republic of Slovenia secedes from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia as the Republic of Slovenia. Ljubljana remains the capital.
1992	15 January	The Socialist Republic of Croatia secedes from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia as the Republic of Croatia. Zagreb remains the capital.
1992	12 January	The Nagorno-Karabakh Republic declares independence from the Republic of Azerbaijan.
1991	26 December	The Soviet of the Republics of the Supreme Soviet meets for the last time and formally dissolves the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
1991	25 December	The Russian Federation supersedes both the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
1991	16 December	The Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic secedes from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics as the Republic of Kazakhstan. Alma-Ata remains the capital until 1997.
1991	12 December	The Federal Republic of Nigeria moves its capital from Lagos to Abuja.
1991	8 December	The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, the Republic of Belarus, and Ukraine form the Commonwealth of Independent States as a successor organization to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
1991	8 December	The Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic secedes from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics as Turkmenistan. Ashgabat remains the capital.
1991	8 December	The Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic secedes from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics as the Republic of Uzbekistan. Tashkent remains the capital.
1991	28 November	The South Ossetian Autonomous Oblast declares its independence from Georgia as the Republic of South Ossetia. Tskhinvali is the capital. Georgia denounces the intervention of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and declares the succession illegal.
1991	1 November	The Chechen Republic declares independence from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Grozny is the capital
1991	21 September	The Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic secedes from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics as the Republic of Armenia. Yerevan remains the capital.
1991	9 September	The Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic secedes from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics as the Republic of Tajikistan. Dushanbe remains the capital.
1991	8 September	The Socialist Republic of Macedonia secedes from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia as the Republic of Macedonia. Skopje remains the capital. The Hellenic Republic protests the name of the new nation.
1991	6 September	The Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic secedes from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and restores the Republic of Lithuania. Vilnius remains the capital.
1991	2 September	The Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast declares its independence from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics as the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. Stepanakert remains the capital. The Republic of Azerbaijan considers Nagorno-Karabakh as part of its sovereign territory.
1991	31 August	The Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic secedes from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics as the Republic of Kyrgyzstan. The capital Frunze is renamed Bishkek.
1991	30 August	The Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic secedes from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics as the Republic of Azerbaijan. Baku remains the capital.
1991	27 August	The Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic secedes from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics as the Republic of Moldova. Chişinău remains the capital. Moldova claims Transnistria as part of its sovereign territory.
1991	25 August	The Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic secedes from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics as the Republic of Belarus. Minsk remains the capital.
1991	24 August	The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic secedes from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics as Ukraine. Kiev remains the capital.
1991	21 August	The Republic of Latvia secedes from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and restores the Republic of Latvia. Riga remains the capital.
1991	20 August	The Republic of Estonia secedes from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and restores the Republic of Estonia. Tallinn remains the capital.
1991	19 August	The Gagauz Republic declares independence from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
1991	10 June	The People's Republic of the Congo is renamed the Republic of the Congo.
1991	28 May	The People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia is renamed Ethiopia.
1991	18 May	The Republic of Somaliland declares independence from the Federal Republic of Somalia. Hargeisa is the capital. The international community considers Somaliland to be part of Somalia's sovereign territory.
1991	29 April	The Republic of Albania supersedes the Socialist People's Republic of Albania.
1991	9 April	The Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic secedes from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics as Georgia. Tbilisi remains the capital.
1991	26 February	The State of Kuwait regains its independence. Iraq relinquishes its claim to Kuwait.
1990	1 December	The Republic of Mozambique supersedes the People's Republic of Mozambique. Maputo remains the capital.
1990	15 November	The People's Republic of Bulgaria changes its name to the Republic of Bulgaria.
1990	3 October	The German Democratic Republic merges into the Federal Republic of Germany. Unified Germany regains full sovereignty and Allied occupation ends. Bonn yields to Berlin as the capital.
1990	2 September	The Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic declares its independence from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Tiraspol becomes its capital.
1990	28 August	Iraq annexes the Republic of Kuwait as the Kuwait Governorate.
1990	25 August	The Republic of Abkhazia declares independence from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Sukhumi is the capital.
1990	4 August	The State of Kuwait changes its name to the Republic of Kuwait.
1990	27 July	The Byelorussian SSR declares sovereignty from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics as the Republic of Belarus.
1990	25 July	The Republic of Fiji is renamed the Sovereign Democratic Republic of Fiji.
1990	22 May	The Yemen Arab Republic and the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen reunite to form the Republic of Yemen. Aden yields to San'a' as the capital.
1990	17 May	The Republic of Bougainville declares independence from Papua New Guinea. Buka is the capital.
1990	8 May	The Estonian SSR is renamed the Republic of Estonia.
1990	4 May	The Latvian SSR is renamed the Republic of Latvia and it declares Soviet rule illegal and declares the restoration period for the independence of Latvia from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
1990	23 April	The Czechoslovak Socialist Republic changes its name to the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic.
1990	30 March	The Estonian SSR declares Soviet rule illegal and declares the restoration period for the independence of Estonia from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
1990	21 March	South West Africa gains independence from South Africa as the Republic of Namibia. Windhoek remains the capital.
1990	11 March	The Republic of Chile moves its legislative capital from Santiago to Valparaíso. Santiago remains the administrative capital.
1990	11 March	The Lithuanian SSR re-declares full independence as the Republic of Lithuania from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Vilnius remains the capital.
1990	1 March	The People's Republic of Benin changes its name to the Republic of Benin.
1990	3 February	The government-in-exile Coalition Government of Democratic Kampuchea becomes the National Government of Cambodia.

1980s

Year	Date	Event
1989	30 December	The Polish People's Republic changes its name to the Republic of Poland.
1989	22 December	The Romanian Revolution. The Socialist Republic of Romania changes its name to Romania.
1989	23 October	The Hungarian People's Republic changes its name to the Hungarian Republic.
1989	30 September	The Republic of Senegal and the Republic of The Gambia secede from the Senegambia Confederation. Dakar remains the capital of Senegal. Banjul is again the capital of The Gambia.
1989	26 September	The Socialist Republic of Vietnam ends its occupation of the '.
1989	18 June	The Union of Burma changes its name to the Union of Myanmar.
1989	The Federated States of Micronesia moves its capital from Kolonia to Palikir on Pohnpei.	-
1989	1 May	The ' supersedes the People's Republic of Kampuchea.
1989	15 February	The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics ends its occupation of the Republic of Afghanistan.
1988	16 November	The Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic declares sovereignty over the laws of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
1988	15 November	The State of Palestine declares independence from the State of Israel. It claims the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, territories considered to be occupied by Israel in the aftermath of the Six-Day War. East Jerusalem is the proclaimed capital.
1988	18 September	The Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma changes its name to the Union of Burma.
1987	30 November	The Republic of Afghanistan supersedes the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan.
1987	7 October	The Republic of Fiji supersedes the Dominion of Fiji.
1987	22 February	The People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia supersedes the Provisional Military Government of Socialist Ethiopia.
1987	1 January	New Zealand becomes a fully, sovereign independent state from the United Kingdom after the passing of the Constitution Act.
1986	4 November	The Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands becomes an insular area of the United States dissolving the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands.
1986	3 November	The eastern Caroline Islands gain independence from the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands as the Federated States of Micronesia. Kolonia on Pohnpei is the capital.
1986	21 October	The Marshall Islands gain independence from the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands as the Republic of the Marshall Islands. Majuro is the capital.
1986	15 April	The Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya is renamed the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya.
1986	3 March	The Commonwealth of Australia becomes a fully, sovereign independent state from the United Kingdom after the passing of the Australia Act.
1986	1 January	Aruba leaves the Netherlands Antilles to become one of three constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Netherlands following a change of the Charter for the Kingdom. Oranjestad is the capital.
1985	12 October	The Republic of Côte d'Ivoire supersedes the Republic of Ivory Coast.
1985	10 October	The Republic of the Sudan supersedes the Democratic Republic of the Sudan.
1985	3 October	In the Falkland Islands disputed by Argentina and the United Kingdom, the Falkland Islands Dependencies becomes a separate territory known as South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.
1984	29 November	The Beagle conflict between Chile and Argentina is solved. Argentina recognizes Picton, Lennox and Nueva islands as Chilean.
1984	15 August	Bourkina-Fasso changes its name to Burkina Faso.
1984	4 August	The Republic of Upper Volta changes its name to Bourkina-Fasso.
1984	4 February	The Republic of Cameroon supersedes the United Republic of Cameroon.
1984	1 January	Brunei gains independence from the United Kingdom as the Nation of Brunei, the Abode of Peace. Bandar Seri Begawan remains the capital.
1983	15 November	The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus declares independence from the Republic of Cyprus. North Nicosia is the capital. The international community considers the northern part of the island as Republic of Cyprus territory under Turkish occupation.
1983	19 September	The British Dependent Territory of Saint Christopher and Nevis gains independence from the United Kingdom as the Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis. Basseterre remains the capital.
1983	21 March	The Republic of Ivory Coast moves its capital from Abidjan to Yamoussoukro.
1983	1 January	The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland changes the title of each of its Crown Colonies to that of a British Dependent Territory.
1982	15 August	The unrecognized Kingdom of Rwenzururu is taken back by Uganda.
1982	22 June	Democratic Kampuchea becomes exiled from Kampuchea, despite being a widely recognized UN member state, becomes the Coalition Government of Democratic Kampuchea.
1982	14 June	The United Kingdom recaptures the British dependent territory of the Falkland Islands from the Argentine Republic. Britain restores the name of the capital Puerto Argentino to Stanley.
1982	29 April	The Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka moves its capital from Colombo to Sri Jayawardenapura-Kotte.
1982	17 April	Canada becomes a fully sovereign, independent state from the United Kingdom after the passing of the Canada Act.
1982	18 April	The Republic of Zimbabwe changes many colonial place names including that of its capital from Salisbury to Harare.
1982	2 April	The Argentine Republic seizes the British dependent territory of the Falkland Islands from the United Kingdom. Argentina renames the Islands Islas Malvinas and Stanley the capital Puerto Argentino.
1982	1 February	The Republic of Senegal and the Republic of The Gambia unite to form the Senegambia Confederation. Banjul yields to Dakar as the capital.
1981	26 December	The Saudi-Iraqi neutral zone ceases to exist as the border between Saudi Arabia and Iraq is fixed.
1981	4 December	The Republic of Ciskei is declared independent by the Republic of South Africa.
1981	1 November	Antigua and Barbuda gain independence from the United Kingdom. St. John's remains the capital.
1981	21 September	The Crown Colony of Belize gains independence from the United Kingdom. Belmopan remains the capital.
1980	19 December	The United Kingdom divides the Crown Colony of Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla into the Crown Colony of Saint Christopher and Nevis and the Crown Colony of Anguilla. Basseterre remains the capital of Saint Christopher and Nevis, and The Valley becomes the capital of Anguilla.
1980	30 July	The New Hebrides gain independence from a British-French condominium as the Republic of Vanuatu. Port Vila remains the capital.
1980	30 July	Israel passes the Jerusalem Law, expanding its declared capital of Jerusalem to include the annexed East Jerusalem. The United Nations declares the law null and void.
1980	28 July	Peruvian Republic changes its name to the Republic of Peru.
1980	24 July	The Republic of Vemerana is taken back over by the Anglo-French New Hebrides Condominium.
1980	27 May	The Republic of Vemerana declares independence from the Anglo-French New Hebrides Condominium.
1980	26 May	Tafea is taken back over by the Anglo-French New Hebrides Condominium.
1980	18 April	Southern Rhodesia gains independence from the United Kingdom as the Republic of Zimbabwe. Salisbury remains the capital.
1980	15 February	Tafea declares independence from the Anglo-French New Hebrides Condominium.

1970s

Year	Date	Event
1979	25 December	The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics occupies the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan.
1979	12 December	The Republic of Zimbabwe Rhodesia is dissolved as the United Kingdom regains control of Southern Rhodesia.
1979	27 October	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines gain independence from the United Kingdom. Kingstown remains the capital.
1979	1 October	The United States of America dissolves the Panama Canal Zone and returns sovereignty to the Republic of Panama. The United States and Panama will jointly operate the Panama Canal until 31 December 1999.
1979	20 September	The Central African Empire changes its name back to the Central African Republic.
1979	13 September	The Republic of Venda is given independence by South Africa. Thohoyandou is the capital.
1979	12 July	The Gilbert Islands gain independence from the United Kingdom as the Independent and Sovereign Republic of Kiribati. South Tarawa remains the capital.
1979	1 June	The Republic of Zimbabwe Rhodesia supersedes the Republic of Rhodesia, although neither are recognized.
1979	1 April	Iran changes its name to the Islamic Republic of Iran.
1979	26 March	Israel agrees to return the Sinai Peninsula to Egypt.
1979	22 February	Saint Lucia gains independence from the United Kingdom. Castries remains the capital.
1979	11 February	The Imperial State of Iran changes its name to Iran.
1979	10 January	The People's Republic of Kampuchea supersedes Democratic Kampuchea.
1979	7 January	The Socialist Republic of Vietnam occupies Democratic Kampuchea.
1978	29 December	After a transition to democracy, the Spanish State is renamed the Kingdom of Spain.
1978	3 November	Dominica gains independence from the United Kingdom as the Commonwealth of Dominica. Roseau remains the capital.
1978	5 October	The State of Comoros changes its name to the Federal Islamic Republic of the Comoros.
1978	1 October	Tuvalu gains independence from the United Kingdom. Funafuti remains the capital.
1978	7 September	The Free, Sovereign and Independent Republic of Sri Lanka changes its name to the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka.
1978	7 July	The Solomon Islands gain independence from the United Kingdom. Honiara on Guadalcanal remains the capital.
1978	30 April	The Democratic Republic of Afghanistan supersedes the Republic of Afghanistan.
1977	6 December	The Republic of Bophuthatswana is declared independent by South Africa. Mmabatho is the capital.
1977	27 June	The French Territory of the Afars and the Issas gains independence from the French Republic as the Republic of Djibouti. The city of Djibouti remains the capital.
1977	2 March	The Libyan Arab Republic changes its name to the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya.
1976	28 December	The Socialist People's Republic of Albania supersedes the People's Republic of Albania.
1976	4 December	The Central African Republic changes its name to the Central African Empire.
1976	26 October	The Republic of Transkei is given independence by South Africa. Mthatha is the capital.
1976	7 August	The Republic of North Solomons is taken by Papua New Guinea.
1976	17 July	The Republic of Indonesia declares that East Timor is the Indonesian Province of Timor Timur.
1976	2 July	The Democratic Republic of Vietnam and Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam unite to form the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Ho Chi Minh City yields to Hanoi as the capital.
1976	1 July	The French Republic reorganizes its Overseas Territory of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon to the Overseas Department of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon. Saint-Pierre remains the capital.
1976	29 June	The Seychelles become independent from the United Kingdom as the Republic of Seychelles. Victoria remains the capital.
1976	24 June	The Republic of the Philippines reinstates Manila as the capital. Quezon City, the capital from 1948, was incorporated with Manila and 15 surrounding suburbs to form Metro Manila. Baguio is no longer a summer capital.
1976	23 June	In the British Indian Ocean Territory, the islands of Aldabra, Farquhar and Desroches are returned to Seychelles six days before its independence.
1976	1 March	Trinidad and Tobago is renamed the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago.
1976	27 February	The Polisario Front declares the creation of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic in the region known as Western Sahara. Laayoune is the proclaimed capital, while Tifariti serves as the temporary capital. Morocco considers the SADR part of its sovereign territory, while the United Nations considers Spain the administering state.
1976	3 February	The People's Republic of Mozambique changes the name of its capital from Lourenço Marques to Maputo.
1975	30 December	The Malagasy Republic changes its name to the Democratic Republic of Madagascar.
1975	7 December	The Republic of Indonesia invades East Timor.
1975	2 December	The Lao People's Democratic Republic supersedes the Kingdom of Laos.
1975	30 November	The Republic of Dahomey changes its name to the People's Republic of Benin.
1975	28 November	The Portuguese colony of East Timor declares its independence from the Portuguese Republic as the Democratic Republic of East Timor. Dili remains the capital. Portugal and most other nations refuse to recognize the new government.
1975	25 November	Suriname gains full independence from the Kingdom of the Netherlands as the Republic of Suriname. Paramaribo remains the capital.
1975	22 November	The restored Kingdom of Spain supersedes the Spanish State.
1975	11 November	Due to Angola achieving independence, Angolan Forces invaded the Republic of Cabinda, successfully taking it back.
1975	14 November	The Spanish State relinquishes control of Spanish Sahara. Both the Kingdom of Morocco and the Islamic Republic of Mauritania annex the region, now known as Western Sahara.
1975	11 November	The State of Angola gains independence from the Portuguese Republic as the People's Republic of Angola. Luanda remains the capital.
1975	16 September	The Territory of Papua and New Guinea gains independence from the Commonwealth of Australia as the Independent State of Papua New Guinea. Port Moresby remains the capital.
1975	1 September	The Republic of North Solomons declares independence from Australia. Buka is the capital.
1975	1 August	The Republic of Cabinda declares independence from Portugal with little recognition. Cabinda is the capital.
1975	12 July	São Tomé and Príncipe gain independence from the Portuguese Republic as the Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe. The city of São Tomé remains the capital.
1975	6 July	The Comoros gain independence from the French Republic as the State of Comoros. Moroni on Grande Comore remains the capital.
1975	5 July	Cabo Verde gains independence from the Portuguese Republic as the Republic of Cape Verde. Praia on Santiago remains the capital.
1975	25 June	Mozambique gains independence from the Portuguese Republic as the People's Republic of Mozambique. Lourenço Marques remains the capital.
1975	16 May	The Kingdom of Sikkim unites with India as the State of Sikkim.
1975	30 April	The Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam supersedes the Republic of Vietnam. The name of the capital is changed from Saigon to Ho Chi Minh City.
1975		The capital of Malawi is moved from Zomba to Lilongwe.
1975	17 April	Democratic Kampuchea supersedes the Khmer Republic.
1974	13 December	The Republic of Malta supersedes the State of Malta.
1974	19 October	Niue becomes a state in free association with New Zealand, sharing New Zealand citizenship.
1974	10 September	The Republic of Guinea changes its name to the Republic of Guinea-Bissau and moves its capital from Madina do Boe to Bissau. The Portuguese Republic recognizes the independence of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau.
1974	16 August	The Turkish army reaches the United Nations Buffer Zone in Cyprus, gaining about 40% of the territory of the island of Cyprus, after the invasion started on 20 July.
1974	29 June	The Tanna Nation is taken back by the Anglo-French New Hebrides Condominium.
1974	28 June	The Provisional Military Government of Socialist Ethiopia supersedes the Ethiopian Empire.
1974	24 March	The Tanna Nation declares independence from the Anglo-French New Hebrides Condominium.
1974	22 February	The Islamic Republic of Pakistan recognizes the independence of the People's Republic of Bangladesh.
1974	7 February	Grenada gains independence from the United Kingdom. St. George's remains the capital.
1974	4 January	The Union of Burma changes its name to the Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma.
1973	19 November	Uruguay recognizes Martín García Island as Argentine.
1973	24 September	Portuguese Guinea declares its independence from the Portuguese Republic as the Republic of Guinea. Recognition is limited. Madina do Boe is the temporary capital.
1973	17 July	The Republic of Afghanistan supersedes the Kingdom of Afghanistan.
1973	10 July	The Bahamas gain independence from the United Kingdom as the Commonwealth of The Bahamas. Nassau remains the capital.
1973	10 July	The United Kingdom changes the name of its Crown Colony of British Honduras to the Crown Colony of Belize.
1973	1 June	The Kingdom of Greece is renamed the Hellenic Republic.
1973		In The Gambia, the capital of Bathurst is renamed Banjul.
1972	2 June	The United Republic of Cameroon supersedes the Federal Republic of Cameroon.
1972	22 May	The Dominion of Ceylon changes its name to the Free, Sovereign and Independent Republic of Sri Lanka.
1972	14 May	The Ryukyu Islands are returned to Japan.
1972	10 February	The emirate of Ras al-Khaimah joins the United Arab Emirates. The city of Ras al-Khaimah yields to Abu Dhabi as the capital.
1972	10 February	The Island of Rockall Act 1972 formally incorporates Rockall into the United Kingdom.
1972		The capital of Indonesia, Djakarta, is renamed Jakarta.
1971	2 December	The Trucial States gain full independence from the United Kingdom as the United Arab Emirates. Abu Dhabi is the capital.
1971	27 October	The Democratic Republic of the Congo changes its name to the Republic of Zaire.
1971	25 October	The Republic of China was replaced in the United Nations by the People's Republic of China.
1971	3 September	Qatar gains full independence from the United Kingdom as the State of Qatar. Doha remains the capital.
1971	1 September	The Arab Republic of Egypt supersedes the United Arab Republic.
1971	16 August	Bahrain gains full independence from the United Kingdom as the State of Bahrain. Manama remains the capital.
1971	19 April	Sierra Leone is renamed the Republic of Sierra Leone.
1971	26 March	The People's Republic of Bangladesh declares its independence from the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Dhaka is the capital.
1970	1 December	The People's Republic of South Yemen changes its name to the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen.
1970	10 October	Fiji gains independence from the United Kingdom as the Dominion of Fiji. Suva remains the capital.
1970	9 August	The Sultanate of Muscat and Oman is renamed the Sultanate of Oman.
1970	1 August	The United Kingdom moves the capital of the Crown Colony of British Honduras from Belize City to Belmopan.
1970	4 June	The Kingdom of Tonga gains full independence from the United Kingdom. Nukualofa remains the capital.
1970	4 June	The Gambia is renamed the Republic of the Gambia.
1970	18 March	The Khmer Republic supersedes the Kingdom of Cambodia.
1970	2 March	Rhodesia unilaterally declares itself the Republic of Rhodesia.
1970	2 March	Guyana is renamed the Co-operative Republic of Guyana.
1970	15 January	The Republic of Biafra capitulates and is reabsorbed by the military junta controlled Federal Republic of Nigeria. Enugu falls to Lagos.
1970	3 January	The Republic of the Congo is renamed the People's Republic of the Congo.

1960s

Year	Date	Event
1969	18 December	The Saudi–Kuwaiti neutral zone is divided and the border between Saudi Arabia and Kuwait is defined.
1969	21 October	The Somali Democratic Republic supersedes the Somali Republic.
1969	1 September	Following a coup d'état led by Muammar Gaddafi, the Kingdom of Libya becomes the Libyan Arab Republic.
1969	25 May	The Democratic Republic of the Sudan supersedes the Republic of the Sudan.
1969	19 March	The Republic of Anguilla is taken back by the United Kingdom.
1969	4 January	Ifni is ceded to Morocco.
1968	11 November	The Republic of Maldives supersedes the Sultanate of Maldives.
1968	12 October	Spanish Guinea gains independence from the Spanish State as the Republic of Equatorial Guinea. Malabo remains the capital.
1968	6 September	The Kingdom of Swaziland gains full independence from the United Kingdom. Mbabane is the capital.
1968	26 June	The Allied-occupied Bonin-Volcano Islands are given back to Japan.
1968	12 March	Mauritius gains independence from the United Kingdom as the Republic of Mauritius. Port Louis remains the capital.
1968	31 January	Nauru gains independence from a United Nations trusteeship jointly administered by the Commonwealth of Australia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom as the Republic of Nauru. Yaren remains the de facto capital.
1967	7 November	South Yemen declares its independence from the United Kingdom as the People's Republic of South Yemen. Aden is the capital.
1967	20 September	The Republic of Benin is taken over by Nigeria.
1967	19 September	The Republic of Benin becomes a puppet state that has no recognition from the parent state.
1967	8 September	Uganda is renamed the Republic of Uganda.
1967	17 August	Biafra takes over the Benin region.
1967	14 August	The capital of Pakistan is moved from Rawalpindi to Islamabad.
1967	12 July	The Republic of Anguilla declares independence from the United Kingdom.
1967	5 July	French Somaliland is renamed the French Territory of the Afars and Issas.
1967	10 June	Israel captures the Gaza Strip and the Sinai Peninsula from the United Arab Republic, the West Bank from Jordan, and the Golan Heights from Syria as a result of the Six-Day War.
1967	30 May	The Republic of Biafra secedes from the Federal Republic of Nigeria. Enugu is the capital. Recognized by Gabon, Ivory Coast, Tanzania, and Zambia.
1967	24 January	The Republic of the United States of Brazil changes its name to the Federative Republic of Brazil.
1966	30 November	Barbados gains independence from the United Kingdom. Bridgetown remains the capital.
1966	28 November	The Republic of Burundi supersedes the Kingdom of Burundi.
1966	24 November	The Río Encuentro-Alto Palena Dispute between the Republic of Chile and the Argentine Republic is defined by arbitration by Elizabeth II.
1966	4 October	The Crown Colony of the Territory of Basutoland gains independence from the United Kingdom as the Kingdom of Lesotho. Maseru remains the capital.
1966	30 September	Bechuanaland gains independence from the United Kingdom as the Republic of Botswana. Gaborone remains the capital.
1966	6 July	Nyasaland gains independence from the United Kingdom as the Republic of Malawi. Lilongwe remains the capital.
1966	30 June	The Democratic Republic of the Congo changes the name of its capital from Léopoldville to Kinshasa.
1966	26 May	The Crown Colony of British Guiana gains independence from the United Kingdom as the Co-operative Republic of Guyana. Georgetown remains the capital.
1965	11 November	The Cabinet of Southern Rhodesia issues its Unilateral Declaration of Independence from the United Kingdom as Rhodesia, which goes unrecognized. Salisbury remains the capital.
1965	8 November	The United Kingdom creates the British Indian Ocean Territory from the Chagos Archipelago in Mauritius and the islands of Aldabra, Farquhar and Desroches from Seychelles, as Mauritius claims the Chagos Archipelago.
1965	21 August	The Romanian People's Republic changes its name to Socialist Republic of Romania.
1965	9 August	The Republic of Singapore secedes from Malaysia. Singapore remains the capital.
1965	4 August	The Cook Islands become a state in free association with New Zealand, sharing citizenship.
1965	26 July	The British Protectorate over the Sultanate of Maldives ends. Male remains the capital.
1965	18 February	The Gambia gains independence from the United Kingdom as the Republic of the Gambia. Banjul remains the capital.
1964	12 December	Kenya is renamed the Republic of Kenya.
1964	1 November	The United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar changes its name to the United Republic of Tanzania.
1964	24 October	Northern Rhodesia gains independence from the United Kingdom as the Republic of Zambia. Lusaka remains the capital.
1964	21 September	The Crown Colony of Malta gains independence from the United Kingdom as the State of Malta. Valletta remains the capital.
1964	1 August	The Republic of the Congo changes its name to the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
1964	6 July	Malawi gains independence from the United Kingdom. Lilongwe remains the capital.
1964	26 April	The Republic of Tanganyika and the Republic of Zanzibar and Pemba unite to form the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar. Zanzibar City yields to Dar-es-Salaam as the capital.
1964	4 March	The United Nations Buffer Zone in Cyprus is established in the Republic of Cyprus between Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot communities.
1963	31 December	The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland is divided into Northern Rhodesia, Southern Rhodesia, and Nyasaland.
1963	15 December	The Spanish colonies of Fernando Pó and Río Muni merge to form Spanish Guinea.
1963	12 December	The Republic of Kenya gains independence from the United Kingdom. Nairobi remains the capital.
1963	10 December	Independence of the Sultanate of Zanzibar from the United Kingdom.
1963	1 October	The Federation of Nigeria is renamed the Federal Republic of Nigeria.
1963	23 September	The United Suvadive Republic is reunited with the Sultanate of Maldives. Hithadhoo yields to Male as the capital.
1963	16 September	The Federation of Malaya unites with the British colonies of Singapore, Sarawak, and British North Borneo to form Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur remains the capital.
1963	31 August	The Republic of Singapore gains independence from the United Kingdom.
1963	30 June	The Kingdom of Rwenzururu declares independence from Uganda with no recognition.
1963	1 May	The United Nations Temporary Executive Authority in New Guinea is transferred to Indonesia.
1963	25 April	The Kingdom of Libya supersedes the United Kingdom of Libya.
1963	7 April	The Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia changes its name to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
1963	3 March	The disputed area of the Trans-Karakoram Tract is given to China by Pakistan, although India still claims it.
1963	15 January	Katanga is taken back by Congo.
1963	The Republic of Zanzibar and Pemba gains independence from the United Kingdom. Zanzibar City remains the capital.	-
1962	9 December	Tanganyika is renamed the Republic of Tanganyika.
1962	21 November	The disputed area of the Aksai Chin is given to China by Pakistan, although India still claims it.
1962	14 November	Eritrea becomes a province of the Ethiopian Empire, losing the autonomy it had under federation.
1962	9 October	The Republic of Uganda gains independence from the United Kingdom. Kampala remains the capital.
1962	1 October	Netherlands New Guinea is transferred to the United Nations Temporary Executive Authority.
1962	27 September	Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen is overthrown by the Yemen Arab Republic. San'a becomes the capital.
1962	26 September	The capital of the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen is moved from Ta'izz to Sana'a.
1962	25 September	Algeria becomes the People's Democratic Algerian Republic.
1962	31 August	The Republic of Trinidad and Tobago gains independence from the United Kingdom. Port of Spain remains the capital.
1962	6 August	The United Kingdom creates the Crown Colony of the Cayman Islands. George Town is the capital.
1962	6 August	The Crown Colony of Jamaica gains independence from the United Kingdom. Kingston remains the capital.
1962	3 July	The French overseas department of Algeria gains independence from the French Republic. Algiers remains the capital.
1962	1 July	The Kingdom of Burundi and the Republic of Rwanda gain independence from the Kingdom of Belgium. Bujumbura and Kigali are the respective capitals.
1962	31 May	The West Indies Federation is dissolved and member states return to their status as parts of the British West Indies. Chaguaramas yields to London as the capital. Changes include the following: The Cayman Islands are split from Jamaica. Barbados, Jamaica, Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla, Trinidad and Tobago, and the Turks and Caicos Islands become their own separate British colonies. The British Leeward Islands are further dissolved into the British colonies of Antigua and Barbuda, Montserrat, and Saint Kitts and Nevis. The British Windward Islands are further dissolved into the British colonies of Dominica, Grenada, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.
1962	3 March	The United Kingdom officially gives the territory claimed in Antarctica an entity, the British Antarctic Territory, although this is suspended under the Antarctic Treaty.
1962	1 January	The Independent State of Western Samoa gains independence from New Zealand. Apia remains the capital.
1961	28 December	The Syrian Arab Republic secedes from the United Arab Republic, leaving Egypt as the sole member of the federation. Cairo remains the capital of the UAR. Damascus is again the capital of Syria.
1961	19 December	The Republic of India annexes Goa, Daman and Diu from Portuguese India.
1961	9 December	The Republic of Tanganyika gains independence from the United Kingdom. Dar-es-Salaam remains the capital.
1961	1 December	The Netherlands New Guinea is renamed West Papua.
1961	1 October	The southern portion of the British Cameroons gains independence from the United Kingdom and unites with the Republic of Cameroun to form the Federal Republic of Cameroon. Yaoundé remains the capital.
1961	28 September	In the United Arab States, Syria leaves the United Arab Republic and returns to the name of the Syrian Arab Republic.
1961	28 September	The Free Dadra and Nagar Haveli joins India, as Portugal ceases to claim it.
1961	28 September	Portugal cedes São João Baptista de Ajudá to Dahomey.
1961	28 September	Portuguese fort São João Baptista de Ajudá is annexed by Dahomey.
1961	23 June	The Antarctic Treaty System enters force to administer the continent of Antarctica and all lands and waters south of the 60th parallel south.
1961	19 June	The State of Kuwait gains independence from the United Kingdom. Kuwait City remains the capital.
1961	31 May	The Union of South Africa ceases to be a Commonwealth realm and changes its name to the Republic of South Africa. Pretoria, Cape Town and Bloemfontein remain the capitals.
1961	31 May	Northern British Cameroon joins Nigeria.
1961	27 April	The Republic of Sierra Leone gains independence from the United Kingdom. Freetown remains the capital.
1961	14 January	India annexes Portuguese India, and Portugal maintains its claims to it.
1960	28 November	The Islamic Republic of Mauritania gains independence from the French Republic. Nouakchott remains the capital.
1960	1 October	The Federation of Nigeria gains independence from the United Kingdom. Lagos remains the capital.
1960	22 September	The Republic of Mali gains independence from the French Republic. Bamako remains the capital.
1960	20 August	The Republic of Senegal gains independence from the French Republic. Dakar remains the capital.
1960	17 August	The Gabonese Republic gains independence from the French Republic. Libreville remains the capital.
1960	16 August	The Republic of Cyprus gains independence from the United Kingdom. Lefkosia remains the capital. The United Kingdom retains control of Akrotiri and Dhekelia.
1960	15 August	The Republic of the Congo gains independence from the French Republic. Brazzaville remains the capital.
1960	13 August	The Central African Republic gains independence from the French Republic. Bangui remains the capital.
1960	11 August	The Republic of Chad gains independence from the French Republic. N'Djamena remains the capital.
1960	7 August	The Côte d'Ivoire gains independence from the French Republic. Abidjan remains the capital.
1960	5 August	The Republic of Upper Volta gains independence from the French Republic. Ouagadougou remains the capital.
1960	3 August	The Republic of Niger gains independence from the French Republic. Niamey remains the capital.
1960	1 August	The Republic of Dahomey gains independence from the French Republic. Porto-Novo remains the capital.
1960	1 August	The capital of Pakistan is moved from Karachi to Rawalpindi.
1960	11 July	The Czechoslovak Republic changes its name to the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic.
1960	11 July	The State of Katanga declares independence from the Republic of the Congo with no recognition.
1960	1 July	The Somali Republic is created from a merger of the former colonies of British Somaliland and Italian Somaliland. Mogadishu is the capital.
1960	30 June	The Belgian Congo gains independence from the Kingdom of Belgium as the Republic of the Congo. Léopoldville remains the capital.
1960	26 June	The Malagasy Republic gains independence from the French Republic. Antananarivo remains the capital.
1960	20 June	Independence of French Sudan from France with Senegal as the Mali Federation.
1960	27 April	The Togolese Republic gains independence from the French Republic. Lomé remains the capital.
1960	21 April	The Republic of the United States of Brazil moves its capital from Rio de Janeiro to Brasília.
1960	1 January	The Republic of Cameroun gains independence from the French Republic. Yaoundé remains the capital.
1960		The British Virgin Islands become a separate colony from the West Indies Federation.

1950s

Year	Date	Event
1959	4 July	In the West Indies Federation, the Turks and Caicos Islands become a separate colony from Jamaica.
1959	30 June	Fernando Pó and Río Muni are merged to form Spanish Guinea.
1959	4 April	In French Africa, the colonies of Senegal and Soudan merge to form the Mali Federation.
1959	3 January	The United Suvadive Republic secedes from the Sultanate of Maldives. Hithadhoo is the capital.
1958	19 December	The French Colony of Niger joins the French Community.
1958	11 December	The French Colony of Upper Volta joins the French Community.
1958	8 December	Sovereignty over Gwadar is transferred from the Sultanate of Muscat and Oman to Pakistan.
1958	4 December	The French Colony of Dahomey joins the French Community.
1958	4 December	The French Colony of Ivory Coast joins the French Community.
1958	1 December	The French Colony of Ubangi-Shari joins the French Community as the Central African Republic.
1958	28 November	The following French colonies join the newly created French Community: Chad Congo Gabon Mauritania Senegal French Sudan
1958	15 October	The Malagasy Republic gains autonomy within the French Community. Antananarivo is the capital.
1958	2 October	The Republic of Guinea gains independence from the French Republic. Conakry is the capital.
1958	1 October	Sovereignty over Christmas Island is transferred from the United Kingdom to Australia.
1958	14 July	The Republic of Iraq and the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan are created from the dissolution of the Arab Federation of Iraq and Jordan. Baghdad remains the capital of Iraq. Amman is again the capital of Jordan.
1958	10 April	Spanish West Africa is disestablished: The province of Ifni becomes a separate colony. The province of Cape Juby is ceded to Morocco. The provinces of Río de Oro and Saguia el-Hamra become Spanish Sahara.
1958	8 March	The United Arab States are created from Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen and the United Arab Republic.
1958	22 February	The Egyptian Republic and the Syrian Arab Republic unite to form the United Arab Republic. Damascus yields to Cairo as the capital.
1958	22 February	The French-administered United Nations Trust Territory of French Togoland is renamed Togo.
1958	14 February	The Hashemite Kingdom of Iraq and the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan unite to form the Arab Federation of Iraq and Jordan. Amman yields to Baghdad as the capital.
1958	12 January	Ifni is separated from Spanish West Africa.
1958	3 January	The United Kingdom establishes the West Indies Federation as a federation of most of the British West Indies, excluding the British Virgin Islands and the Bahamas. The de jure capital is Chaguaramas on Trinidad and the de facto capital is Port of Spain on Trinidad.
1957	31 August	The Federation of Malaya gains independence from the United Kingdom. Kuala Lumpur is the capital.
1957	14 August	The Sherifian Empire is renamed the Kingdom of Morocco.
1957	25 July	The Tunisian Realm is renamed the Tunisian Republic.
1957	6 March	The Republic of Ghana gains independence from the United Kingdom. Accra is the capital.
1957	1 January	Saar is given to West Germany as the state of Saarland.
1956	13 December	British Togoland is merged into the Gold Coast.
1956	29 October	The Tangier International Zone under joint administration of France, Spain, the United Kingdom, Italy, Portugal, and Belgium is reintegrated into Morocco.
1956	18 June	The Egyptian Republic declares its complete independence from the United Kingdom.
1956	7 April	Spanish Morocco becomes part of Morocco.
1956	23 March	Pakistan adopts a new constitution and changes its name to the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.
1956	20 March	The Tunisian Republic gains independence from the French Republic. Tunis is the capital.
1956	2 March	The Kingdom of Morocco gains independence from the French Republic. Rabat is the capital.
1956	1 January	The Republic of Sudan gains independence from the United Kingdom. Khartoum is the capital. Egypt relinquishes its claim to Sudan.
1955		The Kingdom of Bhutan makes Thimphu the sole capital.
1955	20 December	Cardiff is recognised as the official capital of Wales. From 1689-1955 the country did not have an official capital. Its last capital, Ludlow, had been the last administrative capital and seat of the Council of Wales and the Marches from 1472 and 1689.
1955	23 November	The United Kingdom gives the Cocos Islands to Australia.
1955	26 October	The State of Vietnam is renamed the Republic of Vietnam.
1955	18 September	Rockall is officially claimed by the United Kingdom.
1955	6 August	The French overseas territory of Adélie Land and the Malagasy dependencies of the Crozet Islands, the Kerguelen Islands, and the Saint-Paul and Amsterdam merge to form the French Southern and Antarctic Lands
1955	15 May	The Republic of Austria regains its independence. Allied occupation ends. Vienna is the capital.
1954	20 December	The French Republic recognizes the independence of the Kingdom of Cambodia. Phnom Penh remains the capital.
1954	15 December	The Kingdom of the Netherlands makes the Netherlands Territory of Curaçao one of its three constituent countries as the Netherlands Antilles. Willemstad on Curaçao remains the capital.
1954	15 December	The Kingdom of the Netherlands makes the Netherlands Territory of Surinam one of its three constituent countries as Suriname. Paramaribo remains the capital.
1954	26 October	The Free Territory of Trieste is divided between Italy and Yugoslavia.
1954	11 August	The Republic of India annexes Dadra and Nagar Haveli from the Portuguese India.
1954	2 August	In the Free Dadra, the capital is moved from Dadra to Silvassa.
1954	27 July	The Free Dadra declared independence from Portugal, with recognition only from India.
1954	7 March	The Sultanate of Maldives supersedes the Republic of Maldives.
1954	20 July	The French Republic recognizes the independence of Vietnam divided between the Democratic Republic of Vietnam and the Republic of Vietnam. Hanoi and Saigon are the respective capitals.
1954	15 April	The Geneva Accords grant independence to Vietnam, which is provisionally divided into North Vietnam and South Vietnam.
1953	9 November	The Kingdom of Cambodia declares its independence from the French Republic. Phnom Penh is the capital.
1953	22 October	The Kingdom of Laos gains independence from the French Republic. Vientiane is the capital.
1953	1 August	The British colonies of Northern Rhodesia, Southern Rhodesia, and Nyasaland merge to form Rhodesia and Nyasaland.
1953	27 July	The Korean Armistice Agreement is signed, establishing the Korean Demilitarized Zone along the border between the Democratic People's Republic of Korea and the Republic of Korea.
1953	13 June	The Egyptian Republic supersedes the Kingdom of Egypt.
1953	15 April	The United States of Venezuela is renamed the Republic of Venezuela.
1953	12 January	The Estonian Government in Exile is established, in parallel to Estonian diplomatic legations abroad. They are later both declared as keepers of the legal continuity of the restored Republic of Estonia.
1953	1 January	The Republic of Maldives supersedes the Sultanate of Maldives.
1952	17 October	The unrecognized Republic of the South Moluccas is taken back over by Indonesia.
1952	15 September	Italian Eritrea is federated within the Ethiopian Empire.
1952	25 July	The Territory of Puerto Rico becomes the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico upon ratification of the Constitution of Puerto Rico, choosing free association with the United States of America.
1952	22 July	The Republic of Poland changes its name to the Polish People's Republic.
1952	28 April	End of the Allied occupation of Japan.
1951	24 December	The United Kingdom of Libya gains independence from a United Nations trusteeship, previously having been divided into the independent Emirate of Cyrenaica, British-administered Tripolitania and the French Military Territory of Fezzan-Ghadames. Tripoli is the capital.
1951	11 June	Due to Portuguese colonies being reorganized as overseas provinces, Portuguese East Africa is renamed Mozambique and Portuguese West Africa is renamed Angola.
1951	23 May	The unrecognized state of Tibet is incorporated into the People's Republic of China.
1951	15 February	The Republic of Poland and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics exchange territory along their common border.
1950	5 December	The Kingdom of Sikkim signs a protectorate treaty with India, becoming a part of it.
1950	17 August	The Republic of the United States of Indonesia becomes a unitary state and changes its name back to the Republic of Indonesia.
1950	25 April	The Republic of the South Moluccas declares independence from Indonesia with no recognition.
1950	26 January	India adopts a republican constitution and changes its name to the Republic of India.

1940s

Year	Date	Event
1949	27 December	The Republic of Indonesia becomes a federation as the Republic of the United States of Indonesia and its independence is formally recognised by the Netherlands. The capital returns to Jakarta from Yogyakarta.
1949	8 December	The government of the Republic of China leaves Mainland China for Taiwan where the regime is based today. Taipei becomes the de facto capital.
1949	5 December	The State of Israel declares Jerusalem its official capital. Tel Aviv continues to serve as the de facto capital.
1949	21 November	The British administered protectorates of the Emirate of Cyrenaica, the occuptied territory of Tripolitania, and the French occupied territory of Fezzan merge to form a jointly administered Libya.
1949	8 November	The remains of French Indochina form the French-administered Kingdom of Cambodia.
1949	6 November	The Australian administered Territory of New Guinea and the Territory of Papua merge to form the Territory of Papua and New Guinea.
1949	November	The British-occupied territory of Italian Somaliland is transferred to Italy as the Trust Territory of Somalia.
1949	20 October	The Soviet-backed East Turkestan Republic is taken over by the People's Republic of China.
1949	7 October	The German Democratic Republic is established in occupied eastern Germany. East Berlin is the capital.
1949	1 October	Mao Zedong proclaims the People's Republic of China. Beijing is the capital.
1949	9 September	The Kingdom of Tripura merges with India.
1949	20 August	The Hungarian People's Republic supersedes the Hungarian Republic.
1949	8 August	The Indian protectorate of the Kingdom of Bhutan declares independence.
1949	19 July	The area of Laos in French Indochina becomes a separate entity under France as the Kingdom of Laos.
1949	20 June	The 1948 Arab–Israeli War ends, resulting in former mandate territory split among Israel, Jordan, and Egypt.
1949	14 June	The area of Vietnam in French Indochina becomes a separate entity under France as the State of Vietnam, though North Vietnam still claims independence.
1949	23 May	The Federal Republic of Germany and West Berlin are established in the U.S., British, and French occupation zones of Germany. Bonn is the capital.
1949	11 May	The Kingdom of Siam changes its name back to the Kingdom of Thailand.
1949	3 April	The Hashemite Kingdom of Transjordan is renamed the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan.
1949	31 March	The Dominion of Newfoundland joins Canada as the Province of Newfoundland following the Newfoundland referendums. St. John's yields to Ottawa as the capital.
1949	10 March	As a result of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, Israel captures half of the land allotted to an Arab state under the Partition Plan, Jordan occupies the West Bank, and Egypt occupies the Gaza Strip.
1949	2 March	In the Dutch East Indies, the autonomous state of Central Java is established.
1949	1 March	The Emirate of Cyrenaica is created from part of the British Military Administration of Libya. The capital is Benghazi.
1948	26 November	In the Dutch East Indies, the autonomous state of East Java is established.
1948	20 September	The Dutch colony of Curaçao and Dependencies is renamed the Netherlands Antilles, as the dependencies gain equality in level of sovereignty.
1948	12 September	The State of Hyderabad is annexed by India.
1948	9 September	Korea is divided between the Democratic People's Republic of Korea and the Republic of Korea. Pyongyang and Seoul are the respective capitals.
1948	30 August	In the Dutch East Indies, the State of South Sumatra is established.
1948	15 August	Establishment of the Republic of Korea out of British/American/United Nations occupied Korea.
1948	17 July	The Republic of the Philippines moves its capital from Manila to Quezon City.
1948	14 May	The State of Israel is established upon the termination of the British Mandate for Palestine. Tel Aviv is the capital.
1948	25 April	In the Dutch East Indies, the State of West Java is renamed the Sundanese State.
1948	18 April	Ireland is declared a republic.
1948	1 April	The Faroe Islands becomes a self-governing dependency.
1948	27 March	Kalat State is integrated into the Dominion of Pakistan.
1948	26 February	In the Dutch East Indies, the State of West Java is created.
1948	4 February	The Crown Colony of Ceylon gains independence from the United Kingdom as the Dominion of Ceylon. Colombo remains the capital until 1982.
1948	4 February	In the Dutch East Indies, the Siak Besar Territory is renamed the Federation of East Kalimantan.
1948	30 January	In the United Kingdom, the Malayan Union is renamed the Federation of Malaya.
1948	23 January	In the Dutch East Indies, the states of Bangka Council, the Belitung Council, and the Riau Council are merged as the Bangka Belitung and Riau Federation.
1948	23 January	In the Dutch East Indies, the autonomous State of Madura is created.
1948	14 January	In the Dutch East Indies, the autonomous state of the Territory of Banjar is created.
1948	4 January	The Union of Burma gains independence from the United Kingdom. Yangon is the capital until 2005.
1948		The Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen moves its capital from Sana'a to Taiz.
1947	30 December	The Romanian People's Republic supersedes the Kingdom of Romania.
1947	26 December	Sovereignty over the Territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands is transferred from the United Kingdom to Australia.
1947	25 December	In the Dutch East Indies, the Special Territory of East Sumatra is renamed the State of East Sumatra.
1947	15 December	France claims the Saar as a protectorate from occupied Germany.
1947	25 November	The Dominion of New Zealand ceases to be a dominion of the British Empire.
1947	1 November	The League of Nations Mandate of Nauru is transferred as a United Nations Trust Territory.
1947	27 October	The princely state of Jammu and Kashmir is divided between India and Pakistan.
1947	16 October	Seven of the Turtle Islands are ceded to the Philippines by the United Kingdom.
1947	8 October	In the Dutch East Indies, the autonomous state of the Special Territory of East Sumatra is created.
1947	15 September	The Free Territory of Trieste is created in Central Europe.
1947	27 August	In the Dutch East Indies, the Siak Besar Territory is created.
1947	15 August	The Dominion of India gains independence from the United Kingdom. New Delhi is the capital.
1947	14 August	The Dominion of Pakistan gains independence from the United Kingdom. Karachi is the capital.
1947	12 August	Independence of the Balochistan from the United Kingdom.
1947	18 July	The South Pacific Mandate, governed by Japan, is transferred to the United Nations Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, administered by the United States.
1947	12 July	In the Dutch East Indies, the autonomous states of Bangka Council and Riau Council are created.
1947	12 May	In the Dutch East Indies, the Federation of West Kalimantan is renamed the Special Territory of West Kalimantan.
1947	3 May	The new Constitution of Japan is adopted, dissolving the Greater Japanese Empire.
1947	10 February	The Italian Republic returns its concession in Tientsin to the Republic of China.
1947	25 January	The New Zealand-administered League of Nations Mandate of Western Samoa is transferred as a United Nations Trust Territory.
1947	8 January	In the Dutch East Indies, the autonomous state of the Federation of South Kalimantan is established.
1946	27 December	In the Dutch East Indies, the autonomous State of Great East is renamed the State of East Indonesia.
1946	24 December	In the Dutch East Indies, the State of Great East is established.
1946	15 December	The Soviet-occupied area of the Republic of Mahabad is returned to Iran.
1946	10 December	In the Dutch East Indies, the autonomous Belitung Council is established.
1946	8 December	The League of Nations Mandate of the Territory of New Guinea is transferred as a United Nations Trust Territory, administered by Australia.
1946	7 December	In the Dutch East Indies, the autonomous state of Dayak Besar is established.
1946	December	Several League of Nations Mandates in Africa are transferred as United Nations Trust Territories: 16 December — British Cameroons and Cameroun 13 December — British Togoland, French Togoland, and the Belgian-administered Ruanda-Urundi 11 December — Tanganyika Territory is renamed Tanganyika
1946	November	The Soviet-occupied area of the Azerbaijan People's Government is returned to Iran.
1946	27 October	The French Republic elevates its unhabited possession of Adélie Land to an overseas territory.
1946	27 October	The French Republic elevates its colonies of French Equatorial Africa, French West Africa, and Madagascar to overseas territories; the French colony of Comoros is separated from Madagascar; and French Somaliland is renamed the Territory of French Somaliland.
1946	27 October	The French Republic elevates its French Establishments in India to an overseas territory.
1946	27 October	The French Establishments in Oceania are renamed the French Settlements in Oceania.
1946	27 October	New Caledonia and Dependencies is renamed the Territory of New Caledonia and Dependencies.
1946	27 October	Saint Pierre and Miquelon is renamed the Territory of Saint Pierre and Miquelon.
1946	22 October	In the Dutch East Indies, the autonomous state of the Federation of West Kalimantan is established.
1946	14 October	The Provisional Government of the French Republic is renamed the French Republic.
1946	15 September	The People's Republic of Bulgaria supersedes the Tsardom of Bulgaria. Sofia is the capital.
1946	26 July	The Spanish colonies of Ifni and Spanish Sahara merge to form Spanish West Africa.
1946	13 July	In Montenegro, the city of Podgorica is renamed Titograd.
1946	4 July	The Republic of the Philippines gains independence from the United States of America. Manila is the capital until 1948.
1946	4 July	In the Soviet Union, the city of Königsberg is renamed Kaliningrad.
1946	2 June	The Kingdom of Italy is renamed the Italian Republic.
1946	25 May	The Hashemite Kingdom of Transjordan gains independence from a British League of Nations Mandate. Amman is the capital.
1946	1 April	The colony of the Malayan Union is formed from the following protectorates: Federated Malay States State of Johor Darul Ta'zim State of Kedah Darul Aman State of Kelantan Darul State of Perlis Indera Kayangan State of Terengganu Darul Iman Straits Settlements
1946	19 March	The French Republic elevates its colonies of Algeria and Réunion to overseas departments.
1946	19 March	The French Republic elevates its colonies of Guadeloupe and Martinique to overseas departments.
1946	19 March	The French Republic elevates its colony of Guyane to an overseas department.
1946	28 February	The following French concessions are ceded to the Republic of China: Shanghai Tientsin Kouang-Tchéou-Wan
1946	1 February	The Hungarian Republic supersedes the Hungarian Kingdom.
1946	22 January	The Soviet Union occupies part of northwestern Iran, and that area forms the puppet state of the Republic of Mahabad.
1946	11 January	The People's Republic of Albania supersedes the Democratic Government of Albania.
1946	4 January	The Republic of Indonesia moves its capital from Jakarta to Yogyakarta.
1945	29 December	The Netherlands New Guinea is separated from the Dutch East Indies.
1945	26 December	The Republic of Poland becomes independent.
1945	2 December	The Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia supersedes the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.
1945	29 November	The Democratic Federal Yugoslavia is renamed the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia.
1945	November	The Soviet Union invades northwest Iran and creates the puppet state of the Azerbaijan People's Government.
1945	25 October	Taiwan is returned to the Republic of China.
1945	17 October	The Soviet Union annexes northern East Prussia.
1945	16 October	The Japanese puppet state of the Kingdom of Cambodia is taken over by France and put back under French Indochina.
1945	10 October	In occupied Japan, Banaba Island is given back over by the Gilbert and Ellice Islands under the United Kingdom.
1945	7 October	In occupied Japan, the Andaman and Nicobar Islands are given back to the British Raj.
1945	October	In occupied Japan, Christmas Island is given back to the United Kingdom.
1945	23 September	The Kingdom of Laos, which was under Japanese occupation, is taken back by France as part of French Indochina.
1945	16 September	The British occupation of the Faroe Islands ends and is handed back to Denmark.
1945	15 September	The Soviet Union's occupation of the People's Republic of Korea ends.
1945	13 September	Nauru is taken over by Allied forces and placed under a United Nations trusteeship administered by Australia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom.
1945	12 September	Malaya is given back to the United Kingdom from occupied Japan and is split into the Federated Malay States and the State of Johor Darul Ta'zim.
1945	12 September	Syonan-to is taken back over by the United Kingdom from Japan as the Straits Settlements. Singapore is the capital.
1945	11 September	In occupied Japan, Timor is split between the Portuguese East Timor and the Dutch West Timor.
1945	10 September	Bourneo Kita and the occupation of the British protectorate of the Kingdom of Sarawak are taken back over by the United Kingdom as North Borneo.
1945	9 September	The Reorganized National Government of the Republic of China is taken over by the Republic of China.
1945	8 September	The Kingdom of Thailand changes its name back to the Kingdom of Siam.
1945	8 September	The following states are freed from the Empire of Japan and become their own states from Malaya: State of Kedah Darul Aman State of Kelantan Darul Naim State of Perlis Indera Kayangan State of Terengganu Darul Iman
1945	4 September	The United States occupies Wake Island from Japan.
1945	3 September	The United States occupies the Bonin Islands and Volcano Islands from Japan.
1945	2 September	The Democratic Republic of Vietnam declares its independence from the French Republic. Hanoi is the capital.
1945	2 September	The Empire of Japan surrenders to Allied Forces.
1945	2 September	The capital of the Republic of China is moved from Chungking back to Nanking.
1945	September	The concessions in Shanghai, Tientsin, and Kouang-Tchéou-Wan are re-controlled by France.
1945	30 August	Bảo Đại abdicates. End of the Nguyễn dynasty in Vietnam.
1945	28 August	British Hong Kong becomes a crown colony.
1945	22 August	The Kwantung Leased Territory is returned to the Republic of China.
1945	18 August	The Japanese create a separate political entity for the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
1945	17 August	The Republic of Indonesia declares its independence from the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Jakarta is the capital.
1945	17 August	The Commonwealth of the Philippines takes over the Japanese-occupied independent Republic of the Philippines.
1945	16 August	Hong Kong is liberated from Japan by Allied forces and put under British rule.
1945	15 August	Korea gains independence from the Empire of Japan. Seoul is the capital.
1945	15 August	The Great Empire of Manchuria is taken over by the Soviet Union.
1945	15 August	French Indochina is recovered by France.
1945	11 August	The Japanese-occupied Empire of Vietnam is taken back over by France.
1945	29 June	A treaty is signed between the Soviet Union and Czechoslovakia having the Soviet Union annex Subcarpathian Ruthenia.
1945	14 June	The State of Brunei is retaken by the United Kingdom and is classified as a protectorate.
1945	13 May	The Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia is integrated back into Czechoslovakia.
1945	9 May	Reichskommissariat Norwegen is liberated by Allied forces and its possessions are returned.
1945	9 May	The Channel Islands are liberated from Nazi Germany to the United Kingdom as the Bailiwick of Guernsey and the Bailiwick of Jersey.
1945	8 May	Nazi Germany surrenders to the Allied Forces.
1945	8 May	The Independent State of Croatia is taken over by Allied forces and given back to Yugoslavia.
1945	7 May	The Dodecanese Islands are taken over by Allied forces and given to Greece.
1945	5 May	The occupation of the Kingdom of Denmark by the Flensburg Government ends. Greenland is returned to Denmark from United States protection.
1945	5 May	The Reichskommissariat Niederlande is liberated and merged with the colonies loyal to the government-in-exile of Curaçao and Dependencies and the Surinam to form the Kingdom of the Netherlands.
1945	1 May	Following the death of Adolf Hitler and the Allied victory in the Battle of Berlin, the government of Nazi Germany is moved to Flensburg and the Flensburg Government is created.
1945	27 April	The second Republic of Austria is established in occupied Austria. Vienna is the capital. The independence is recognised by the Allied Forces.
1945	25 April	The Italian Social Republic is recovered from Nazi Germany and given to the Kingdom of Italy.
1945	8 April	The Kingdom of Laos declares independence under Japanese occupation, while Japanese Indochina ceases to exist as a political entity.
1945	4 April	The Slovak Republic is liberated and given to the Czechoslovak Republic.
1945	3 April	The Czechoslovak Republic is liberated from Nazi Germany.
1945	3 April	The United States takes over the Ryukyu Islands and administers it as the United States Civil Administration of the Ryukyu Islands.
1945	27 March	The State of Burma is taken back over by Allied forces and becomes the British crown colony of Burma.
1945	20 March	France regains Alsace-Lorraine.
1945	18 March	The Kingdom of Cambodia declares independence from Japan under its occupation.
1945	11 March	The Empire of Vietnam declares independence from Japan under its occupation.
1945	8 March	The Kingdom of Hungary is liberated from Nazi Germany.
1945	17 January	The Polish area of the General Government is liberated from Nazi Germany by the Allied Forces.
1944	17 June	The Kingdom of Iceland ends its personal union with the Kingdom of Denmark and becomes a republic.
1944	31 December	The Republic of Poland gains independence.
1944	15 December	The Kingdom of Montenegro, a puppet state of the Italian Social Republic, is taken over by Allied forces.
1944	13 November	The Independent State of Macedonia is liberated from the Axis powers, and Yugoslavia takes it back.
1944	12 November	The East Turkestan Republic declares independence from the Republic of China.
1944	3 November	The Hellenic State is completely liberated from the Axis powers. The Kingdom of Greece takes over the rest of it.
1944	20 October	The Albanian Kingdom is liberated from the Axis powers as the Democratic Government of Albania.
1944	20 October	The Military Administration in Serbia is liberated from the Axis powers, and Yugoslavia resumes control of it.
1944	16 October	The Kingdom of Hungary becomes a puppet state of Nazi Germany, keeping the name of the Kingdom of Hungary.
1944	13 October	The Kingdom of Greece returns to power after Athens is recovered.
1944	13 October	The Reichskommissariat Ostland is completely taken over by Allied forces and integrated into the Soviet Union.
1944	11 October	The Soviet Union annexes the Tuvan People's Republic.
1944	11 September	The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg is liberated from Nazi Germany.
1944	8 September	The Independent State of Macedonia is created in Bulgarian-controlled Macedonia.
1944	3 September	The Military Administration in Belgium and North France is liberated from Nazi Germany. The Kingdom of Belgium is reformed, as Belgian Congo is put under the Belgian government's control after having remained loyal to the government-in-exile.
1944	20 August	The French State is renamed the Provisional Government of the French Republic. All of its colonies had remained loyal to the Free French Forces until Vichy France was disestablished, and Clipperton Island is returned.
1944	10 August	Omiya Jima is taken over by the United States from Japan.
1944	2 February	The Reichskommissariat Ukraine is taken back over by the Soviet Union.
1943	1 December	The National Republic State of Italy is renamed the Italian Social Republic.
1943	22 November	The Mandate of Syria, made up of the State of Greater Lebanon and the Syrian Republic, are given independence as the Lebanese Republic and the Syrian Republic, respectively.
1943	23 October	The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are taken over by Allied forces.
1943	14 October	The Japanese-occupied Philippines is given independence as the Republic of the Philippines.
1943	23 September	The part of Italy under German occupation is made into a separate country as the National Republican State of Italy.
1943	11 September	The Dodecanese Islands becomes an occupied territory under Nazi Germany from Italy.
1943	10 September	The Kingdom of Montenegro becomes a protectorate under Nazi Germany from Italy.
1943	8 September	The Albanian Kingdom becomes a protectorate of Nazi Germany from Italy.
1943	September	The French Antilles and Guiana is split into French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Inini, Martinique, and Saint Pierre and Miquelon.
1943	15 August	Kiska is taken over by Allied forces.
1943	1 August	Burma is given independence under Japanese occupation as the State of Burma.
1943	30 July	The Shanghai French Concession and the Tientsin French Concession are taken over by Japan.
1943	26 June	The German Reich is officially renamed the Greater German Reich.
1943	30 May	Attu Island is reconquered by the United States.
1943	February	Kouang-Tchéou-Wan is conquered by Japan.
1943	January	The French Military Territory of Fezzan-Ghadames is created when Free French forces from Chad invade southern Italian Libya. Sabha is the capital.
1942	28 December	The Allied Forces take French Somaliland from Vichy France.
1942	14 December	The Allied Forces take Madagascar from Vichy France.
1942	28 November	The Allied Forces take Réunion from Vichy France.
1942	8 November	The Allied Forces take the Kingdom of Morocco from Vichy France.
1942	1 November	The Karafuto Prefecture is integrated into Mainland Japan.
1942	November	The British Military Administration of Libya begins when British forces invade Cyrenaica from Egypt.
1942	November	The Allied Forces take French West Africa from Vichy France.
1942	23 October	The Allied Forces take Tripolitania from Italy, and it becomes an occupied territory of the United Kingdom.
1942	9 October	The Commonwealth of Australia ceases to be a dominion within the British Empire.
1942	26 August	The Japanese occupy Banaba Island and Nauru from the United Kingdom.
1942	1 August	The Japanese occupy Burma from the United Kingdom.
1942	7 June	The Japanese occupy Atsuta Jima and Narukami Jima from the United States.
1942	31 March	The Japanese occupy Christmas Island and the Straits Settlements from the United Kingdom as part of Japanese Malaya.
1942	23 March	The Japanese occupy the Andaman and Nicobar Islands from the United Kingdom.
1942	8 March	The Japanese occupy the Netherlands East Indies from the Netherlands as Indonesia.
1942	20 February	The Japanese occupy Portuguese Timor and Dutch Timor as Timor.
1942	15 February	The Japanese occupy Singapore from the United Kingdom as Syonan-to.
1942	31 January	The Japanese occupy the State of Johor Darul Ta'zim and the Federated Malay States from the United Kingdom as part of Japanese Malaya.
1942	18 January	The Japanese occupy Bourneo Kita from the United Kingdom.
1942	6 January	The Japanese occupy the State of Brunei Darussalam from the United Kingdom.
1942	2 January	The Japanese occupy the Commonwealth of the Philippines from the United States as the Philippines.
1941	25 December	The Japanese occupy British Hong Kong as the Hong Kong Occupied Territory.
1941	24 December	The Japanese occupy the Kingdom of Sarawak as Sarawak.
1941	23 December	Wake Island is taken over by Japan from the United States as Otori Jima.
1941	22 December	Within British Malaya, the State of Kelantan Darul Naim is taken over by Japan.
1941	14 December	Within British Malaya, the State of Kedah Darul Aman is taken over by Japan.
1941	11 December	The Japanese occupy the State of Terengganu Darul Iman from the United Kingdom as part of Japanese Malaya.
1941	10 December	The Territory of Guam is taken over by Japan from the United States as Omiya Jima.
1941	8 December	The Japanese begin the invasion of Malaya in the State of Perlis Indera Kavangan and take it over as Japanese Malaya.
1941	28 November	Italian East Africa is taken over by the Allied Forces.
1941	17 July	After the invasion of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, Nazi Germany creates the Reichskommissariat Ostland.
1941	17 July	After the invasion of Ukraine, Nazi Germany creates the Reichskommissariat Ukraine.
1941	12 July	After Italy invades Montenegro, it creates the protectorate of the Kingdom of Montenegro.
1941	July	The French share French Indochina with Japan.
1941	19 May	Eritrea is taken over by the United Kingdom.
1941	5 May	The Ethiopian Empire is revived after being under Italian control.
1941	30 April	The Military Administration in Serbia is created after Nazi Germany invades it.
1941	17 April	The Kingdom of Yugoslavia is dissolved due to Axis invasions.
1941	9 April	Greenland and the Kingdom of Iceland are put under United States protection from the Danish government-in-exile.
1941	6 April	The Kingdom of Greece is taken over by Axis forces.
1941	16 March	The British Somaliland protectorate is taken over by Allied forces.
1941	26 February	Allied forces take over Italian Somaliland, which is placed under the protection of the United Kingdom.
1941	February	Cyrenaica is taken over by the United Kingdom.
1940	12 November	French Equatorial Africa is taken over by forces loyal to the Free French Forces.
1940	4 November	The international city of Tangier is taken over by Spain.
1940	22 September	New Caledonia and Dependencies are taken over by forces loyal to the Free French Forces.
1940	9 September	French India is taken over by forces loyal to the Free French Forces.
1940	2 September	French Oceania is taken over by forces loyal to the Free French Forces.
1940	19 August	British Somaliland is taken over by Italian forces and becomes a part of Italian East Africa.
1940	6 August	The Estonian SSR is illegally annexed into the Soviet Union as the 16th union republic. This move is not recognized by the United States, United Kingdom or the international community.
1940	5 August	The Latvian SSR is illegally annexed into the Soviet Union as the 15th union republic. This move is not recognized by the United States, United Kingdom or the international community.
1940	3 August	The Lithuanian SSR is illegally annexed into the Soviet Union as the 14th union republic. This move is not recognized by the United States, United Kingdom or the international community.
1940	2 August	The Moldavian SSR is created from a larger part of Bessarabia, a region annexed from Romania on 28 June, and integrated into the Soviet Union as the 13th union republic.
1940	31 July	The General Government for the Occupied Polish Territories is renamed the General Government.
1940	21 July	The Estonian, Latvian and the Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republics are declared in Soviet-occupied Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. Most of the international community will not recognize Soviet rule in these occupied countries and some will keep recognizing their diplomatic legations abroad.
1940	1 July	The Bailiwick of Jersey is taken over by Nazi Germany.
1940	30 June	The Bailiwick of Guernsey is taken over by Nazi Germany.
1940	28 June	The Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and northern Bukovina regions of Romania.
1940	22 June	The French Republic is renamed the French State.
1940	17 June	The Soviet Union invades the Republic of Estonia and the Republic of Latvia.
1940	15 June	The Soviet Union invades the Republic of Lithuania. Many states
1940	15 June	Nazi Germany annexes Alsace-Lorraine.
1940	7 June	The Realm Commissariat for the Occupied Norwegian Territories is created when German forces invade the Kingdom of Norway and its possessions. Oslo is the capital.
1940	17 May	The Military Administration in Belgium and Northern France and the Realm Commissariat of Belgium and Northern France are created when German forces invade the Kingdom of Belgium. Brussels is the capital.
1940	14 May	The Reich Commissariat for the Occupied Dutch Territories is created when German forces invade the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Amsterdam is the capital.
1940	10 May	The Military Administration of Luxembourg and the Civil Administration Area of Luxembourg are created when German forces invade the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. Luxembourg City is the capital.
1940	12 April	The Faroe Islands are put under British occupation.
1940	9 April	The Kingdom of Denmark is invaded by German forces, while Greenland is granted autonomy.
1940	30 March	The Provisional Government of the Republic of China and the Reformed Government of the Republic of China merge to form the Reorganized National Government of China.
1940	12 March	The Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic is formed when Soviet forces invade the Finnish Democratic Republic. Petrozavodsk is the capital.

1930s

Year	Date	Event
1939	1 December	The Finnish Democratic Republic is created after the invasion of Finland by the Soviet Union. Terijoki is the de facto capital.
1939	12 October	The General Government for the Occupied Polish Territories is created after the invasion of the Republic of Poland by Nazi Germany.
1939	6 October	The former territory of the Republic of Poland is partitioned between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union.
1939	28 September	The Republic of Poland falls as a government, inviting military occupation by Nazi Germany.
1939	14 September	The colonies of French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Inini, Martinique, and Saint Pierre and Miquelon merge into the colony of the French Antilles and Guiana.
1939	2 September	The Free City of Danzig is annexed by Nazi Germany. Danzig yields to Berlin as the capital.
1939	1 September	World War II begins with the invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany.
1939	1 September	The Japanese-occupied Mengjiang is renamed the "Mengjiang United Autonomous Government".
1939	23 July	Turkey fully annexes the Republic of Hatay.
1939	10 July	Nazi Germany changes its name to the Greater German Empire.
1939	23 June	The Kingdom of Siam changes its name to the Kingdom of Thailand.
1939	12 April	Italy annexes the Albanian Kingdom.
1939	6 April	The islands of Canton and Enderbury are put under the Canton and Enderbury Islands condominium of the United States and the United Kingdom.
1939	1 April	The Spanish State supersedes the Second Spanish Republic.
1939	18 March	Carpatho-Ukraine is annexed by Hungary.
1939	15 March	Czechoslovakia is partitioned into the German protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, Slovakia, and Carpatho-Ukraine.
1938	30 September	The Munich Agreement transfers the Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia to Germany and gives parts of Slovakia to Hungary.
1938	30 September	The Czechoslovak Republic is renamed the Czecho-Slovak Republic.
1938	7 September	The area known as Hatay gains independence from Syria as the Hatay State.
1938	29 July	The Australian Federal Capital Territory is renamed the Australian Capital Territory.
1938	28 March	The Reformed Government of the Republic of China is formed after Japan invades northeastern China.
1938	13 March	Nazi Germany absorbs the Federal State of Austria in Anschluss. Vienna yields to Berlin as the capital.
1938	8 March	The United States claims the Canton and Enderbury Islands.
1938	14 January	Norway lays claims in Antarctica as Queen Maud Land, which lies between 20° west and 45° east.
1938	12 January	Tristan da Cunha becomes a dependency of Saint Helena, a crown colony of the United Kingdom.
1937	29 December	The Irish Free State changes its name to Ireland.
1937	14 December	The Japanese invasion of China continues with the creation of the Provisional Government of the Republic of China.
1937	5 December	The Japanese invade Shanghai, creating the Dadao Municipal Government of Shanghai.
1937	22 November	The Mongol Military Government is renamed the Mongol United Autonomous Government.
1937	1 April	The Aden Settlement is separated from British India and changed into the Aden Colony and Protectorate. The city of Aden becomes the capital.
1937	1 April	British Burma is separated from the British Raj.
1936	22 December	The Anglo-Egyptian Treaty of 1936 is ratified and all British troops are withdrawn from Egypt, except for the Suez Canal Zone.
1936	5 December	In the French Mandate of Syria, the Sanjak of Latakia is integrated into the Syrian Republic.
1936	2 December	In the French Mandate of Syria, the Jabal ad-Druze is integrated into the Syrian Republic.
1936	14 October	Spanish Guinea is taken over by Spanish Nationalist forces.
1936	September	Ifni and Spanish Sahara are taken over by Spanish Nationalist forces.
1936	6 August	The British reassert their claim to Kanton Island.
1936	23 July	The Spanish State proclaims itself the sole government of Spain.
1936	17 July	Spanish Nationalist forces take over Spanish Morocco, starting the Spanish Civil War.
1936	1 June	The Italian colonies of Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Italian Somaliland merge to form Italian East Africa.
1936	9 May	The Ethiopian Empire is taken over by Italy as Italian Ethiopia after the Second Italo-Abyssinian War.
1936		The former colony of Curaçao and Dependencies is renamed the Territory of Curaçao following the implementation of several laws resulting from the 1922 abolition of colonies in the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Willemstad on Curaçao remains the capital.
1935	25 November	The East Hebei Autonomous Government is created in China after the invasion of eastern Hebei by the Empire of Japan. Tongzhou is the capital.
1935	15 November	The United States territory of the Philippines becomes the semi-independent Commonwealth of the Philippines.
1935	3 November	The Hellenic Republic is renamed the Kingdom of Greece after a coup d'état restores the monarchy.
1935	1 April	The Territory of the Saar Basin is taken over by Nazi Germany.
1935	26 March	Jarvis Island is transferred from the United Kingdom to the United States.
1935	21 March	Reza Shah Pahlavi changes the name of Imperial State of Persia to the Imperial State of Iran.
1934	15 October	The Chinese Soviet Republic is annexed by the Republic of China.
1934	7 October	The Catalan State is disestablished and is reabsorbed into the Spanish Republic. Barcelona yields to Madrid as the capital.
1934	6 October	The Catalan State proclaims itself independent of the Spanish Republic. Barcelona is the capital.
1934	1 March	Manchukuo is renamed to "Manchutikuo".
1934	6 February	The Islamic Republic of East Turkistan is taken over by the Republic of China.
1934	1 January	Italy creates Italian Libya with the merger of the colonies of Tripolitania, Cyrenaica, and Fezzan. The capital is Tripoli.
1933	12 November	An Uyghur independence movement creates the Islamic Republic of East Turkistan. Kashgar is the capital.
1933	13 June	The United Kingdom cedes Enderby Land and Victoria Land to Australia as the Australian Antarctic Territory.
1933	5 April	Erik the Red's Land in Greenland is ceded by Norway to Denmark.
1933	23 March	Nazi Germany supersedes the Weimar Republic.
1932	3 October	The Iraqi Kingdom gains independence from the United Kingdom. Baghdad is the capital.
1932	23 September	The personal union of the Kingdom of Nejd and Hejaz unify to form the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
1932	13 September	The Socialist Republic of Chile changes its name back to the Republic of Chile.
1932	4 June	The Republic of Chile changes its name to the Socialist Republic of Chile.
1932	18 February	The Empire of Japan takes over northeastern China and establishes Manchukuo. Hsinking becomes its capital.
1931	11 December	By the Statute of Westminster 1931, Canada gains full control over its foreign policy and thus independence from the United Kingdom.
1931	7 November	The Chinese Soviet Republic is established by the Communist Party of China as a group of discontiguous territories within the larger Republic of China.
1931	10 July	Norway claims territory in eastern Greenland as Erik the Red's Land.
1931	12 June	The Australian territories of North Australia and Central Australia merge to form the Northern Territory.
1931	28 April	The Catalan Republic is taken over by Spain.
1931	14 April	The Second Spanish Republic supersedes the Monarchy of Spain. The Catalan Republic subsequently declares independence from Spain.
1931	28 January	France officially annexes Isla de la Pasión as Clipperton Island.
1931	15 January	The Belgian concession within the city of Tientsin is returned to China.

1920s

Year	Date	Event
1929	3 October	The Kingdom of Yugoslavia supersedes the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.
1929	October	The Kingdom of Afghanistan supersedes the Emirate of Afghanistan.
1929	3 June	Tacna is returned to Peru by Chile.
1929	2 February	Norway claims Peter I Island.
1929	February	Vatican City gains independence from the Kingdom of Italy. Vatican City itself is the capital.
1929	6 January	The Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes is renamed the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.
1929	January	The Emirate of Afghanistan supersedes the Kingdom of Afghanistan.
1928	29 December	The Republic of China establishes Nanking as its official capital, later codified in the Constitution of the Republic of China.
1928	1 September	The Kingdom of Albania supersedes the Republic of Albania.
1927	28 October	The Republic of Ararat declares independence from Turkey.
1927	9 May	The Commonwealth of Australia moves its capital from Melbourne to Canberra.
1927	12 April	The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland changes its name to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
1927	29 January	Within the Nejd and Hejaz, the Sultanate of Nejd is renamed the Kingdom of Nejd and its Dependencies.
1927		In French Syria, the State of Souaida is renamed the Jabal Druze State.
1926	30 June	Oltre Giuba is incorporated into Italian Somaliland.
1926	9 June	Afghanistan becomes the Kingdom of Afghanistan.
1926	27 May	The Rif Republic is dissolved by Spanish and French occupation forces in Morocco.
1926		The Kingdom of Belgium moves the capital of its colony of the Congo from Boma to Leopoldville.
1925	6 December	Britain adjusts the Egyptian border in favor of Italian Libya, giving it the Jarabub and Kufra oases.
1925	1 July	The Republic of China relocates its provisional capital from Nanking to Canton.
1925	29 June	Britain transfers control of northern Jubaland to Italy, becoming the Italian colony of Oltre Giuba.
1925	22 January	The Republic of Albania supersedes the Principality of Albania.
1925	1 January	The Kingdom of Norway changes the name of its capital from Kristiania to Oslo.
1924	26 November	The Mongolian People's Republic is established. Ulan Bator is the capital.
1923	29 October	The Republic of Turkey is established following the fall of the Ottoman Empire. Ankara is the capital.
1922	30 December	The Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, the Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic and the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic unite to form the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Tbilisi, Kharkov, and Smolensk yield to Moscow as the capital.
1922	8 December	Northern Ireland secedes from the Irish Free State to again form a region of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
1922	6 December	The Irish Free State is constituted as an independent dominion formed through the secession of the island of Ireland from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Dublin is the capital.
1922	17 November	The Ottoman Empire is dissolved. Its territories are mostly made protectorates of the victorious Allies of World War I.
1922	15 November	The Far Eastern Republic is disestablished and merged with the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic.
1922	12 March	The Socialist Conciliar Republic of Georgia, Azerbaijani Socialist Conciliar Republic, and the Armenian Socialist Conciliar Republic unite to form the Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic. Baku and Yerevan yield to Tbilisi as the capital.
1922	28 February	The Kingdom of Egypt gains independence from the United Kingdom. Cairo is the capital.
1921	22 November	The United Kingdom recognizes the independence of Afghanistan.
1921	13 October	In the Treaty of Kars, Turkey relinquishes claims to Armenia but gains the area around Kars and southern Achara.
1921	13 October	Niger is established as a separate French colony. Zinder becomes the capital.
1921	12 October	Upper Silesia is divided between Poland and Germany.
1921	18 September	The Rif Republic is declared in Spanish Morocco with no recognition.
1921	14 August	The Tuvan People's Republic supersedes Tannu Uriankhai and changes the name of its capital from Belotsarsk to Kyzyl.
1921	1 June	France reorganizes French West Africa and the colony of Mauritania is established.
1921	18 March	The Peace of Riga defines new borders between Poland and Soviet Russia, Soviet Ukraine and Soviet Belarus.
1921	25 February	The Socialist Conciliar Republic of Georgia supersedes the Democratic Republic of Georgia.
1920	29 November	The Armenian Socialist Conciliar Republic supersedes the Democratic Republic of Armenia.
1920	9 July	Denmark officially incorporates Northern Schleswig following a plebiscite held earlier in the year.
1920	4 June	The Treaty of Trianon is signed by Hungary. Its terms include: The union of Transylvania and parts of Banat, Crişana, Szatmár and Maramureş with the Kingdom of Romania is recognized. Czechoslovakia is recognized. The Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes and Banat, Bačka and Baranja are recognized.
1920	Late April	Western Thrace is granted to Greece by the Entente.
1920	28 April	The Azerbaijani Socialist Conciliar Republic supersedes the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic.
1920	6 April	The Far Eastern Republic is established. Chita becomes the capital.
1920	29 February	The Hungarian Kingdom supersedes the Hungarian Republic.
1920	2 February	The Estonian War of Independence ends with the Treaty of Tartu, which awards areas around Ivangorod and Pechory from Soviet Russia to Estonia.
1920	10 January	The United Kingdom officially takes over administration of German East Africa and changes its name to Tanganyika.

1910s

Year	Date	Event
1919	27 November	Bulgaria signs the Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine, by the terms of which: Western Thrace is ceded to the Entente. The Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes is recognized and a small amount of land along the western border is ceded to it. Dobruja is returned to Romania.
1919	25 September	Spitsbergen is awarded to Norway.
1919	12 September	The Bonin–Pichon agreement transfers two desert strips from French control to Italian Libya.
1919	10 September	Austria signs the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye, by the terms of which: Eastern Galicia is ceded to Poland. South Tyrol, Trentino, Trieste and Istria are ceded to Italy. The Romanian sovereignty over Bukovina is recognized. The independence of Hungary, Poland, Czechoslovakia, and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes is recognized.
1919	14 August	The Weimar Republic supersedes the German Empire.
1919	8 August	Afghanistan declares its independence from the United Kingdom.
1919	8 August	The Hungarian Republic supersedes the Hungarian People's Republic.
1919	2 August	The Hungarian People's Republic supersedes the Hungarian Soviet Republic.
1919	10 July	France and the United Kingdom agree on a frontier between their mandates in the Cameroons.
1919	28 June	In the aftermath of World War I, the Treaty of Versailles and the Little Treaty of Versailles are signed, by the terms of which: Eupen-Malmedy and Neutral Moresnet are ceded to Belgium. Alsace-Lorraine is officially ceded to France. The Second Polish Republic is established in place of the puppet Kingdom of Poland. Most of Posen and West Prussia are ceded to Poland by Germany. Memel and Saarland are put under international administration. Plebiscites are provided for in Schleswig and Upper Silesia. Danzig and the surrounding area are superseded by the Free City of Danzig, which is administered by the League of Nations.
1919	30 May	Ruanda and Urundi are assigned to Belgium as a mandate.
1919	7 May	German New Guinea and the Bismarck Archipelago are assigned to Australia as a mandate.
1919	7 May	German Southwest Africa is assigned to South Africa as a mandate.
1919	7 May	German Samoa is assigned to New Zealand as a mandate.
1919	7 May	The German Northern Pacific Islands are assigned to Japan as a mandate.
1919	7 May	Nauru is assigned to the British Empire as a mandate.
1919	6 May	The Kionga Triangle is assigned to Portugal as a mandate.
1919	6 May	Kamerun and Togoland are assigned to France and the United Kingdom as mandates, respectively.
1919	3 May	The Free State of Bavaria supersedes the Bavarian Soviet Republic.
1919	19 April	Poland occupies Vilnius, which is disputed by the Lithuanians.
1919	6 April	The Bavarian Soviet Republic supersedes the People's State of Bavaria.
1919	21 March	The Hungarian Soviet Republic supersedes the Hungarian People's Republic.
1919	1 March	The Oriental State of Uruguay changes its name to the Oriental Republic of Uruguay.
1919	1 March	French West Africa is reorganized, with Upper Volta as a separate colony.
1919	27 February	The Lithuanian-Belorussian Soviet Socialist Republic supersedes the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic. Vilnius is the capital.
1919	1 February	The Soviet puppet state Commune of the Working People of Estonia loses all territory to the Republic of Estonia.
1919	1 January	The Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic supersedes the Belarusian People's Republic. Minsk and Smolensk remain joint capitals.
1918	1 December	Iceland, a dependent territory of the Kingdom of Denmark with home rule, becomes the fully sovereign state Kingdom of Iceland in personal union with Denmark. Reykjavík is the capital.
1918	1 December	The State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs and the Kingdom of Serbia unite to form the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. Zagreb yields to Belgrade as the capital.
1918	1 December	The Union of Transylvania with Romania is proclaimed.
1918	29 November	The puppet state Commune of the Working People of Estonia is established in Soviet-occupied Estonia.
1918	28 November	The Kingdom of Serbia annexes the Kingdom of Montenegro.
1918	28 November	The Union of Bukovina with Romania is proclaimed.
1918	25 November	Vojvodina, formerly part of Austria-Hungary, unites with the Kingdom of Serbia.
1918	18 November	The Republic of Latvia gains independence from the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. Riga is the capital.
1918	16 November	The Hungarian People's Republic supersedes the Hungarian Kingdom.
1918	15 November	The Kingdom of Serbia invades the short-lived Banat Republic and divides it between the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes and Romania.
1918	14 November	The Republic of Poland supersedes the Kingdom of Poland.
1918	12 November	The Republic of German-Austria is proclaimed.
1918	2 November	The Republic of Lithuania supersedes the Kingdom of Lithuania.
1918	1 November	The Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen gains independence from the Ottoman Empire. Sana'a becomes its capital.
1918	1 November	The Banat Republic is proclaimed.
1918	1 November	The short-lived West Ukrainian People's Republic is proclaimed.
1918	31 October	The Hungarian Kingdom declares its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Budapest is the capital.
1918	29 October	The State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs gains independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Zagreb is the capital.
1918	25 July	The Kingdom of Belgium reabsorbs the Independent State of Flanders.
1918	10 July	The Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic supersedes the Soviet Russian Republic.
1918	9 July	The Kingdom of Lithuania supersedes the State of Lithuania.
1918	30 May	Armenia changes its name to the Democratic Republic of Armenia.
1918	28 May	Armenia and Azerbaijan Democratic Republic dissolve the Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic. Yerevan and Baku are the respective capitals.
1918	26 May	The Democratic Republic of Georgia secedes from the Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic. Tbilisi is the capital.
1918	11 May	The Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus annexes the Emirate of Chechenia.
1918	22 April	The Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic gains independence from the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. Tbilisi is the capital.
1918	19 April	The Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic annexes the Abkhazian Republic.
1918	27 March	The Union of Bessarabia with Romania is proclaimed.
1918	25 March	The Abkhazian Republic gains independence from the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. Sukhumi is the capital.
1918	25 March	The Belarusian People's Republic declares its independence from the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. Minsk and Hrodna are named the joint capitals.
1918	12 March	The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic moves its capital from Petrograd to Moscow.
1918	3 March	The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk creates many new states out of the western Russian Empire.
1918	24 February	The Republic of Estonia declares independence from the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. Tallinn is the capital.
1918	16 February	The State of Lithuania declares its independence from the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. Vilnius is named the capital despite occupation by the Kingdom of Poland.
1918	22 January	The Ukrainian People's Republic gains independence from the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. Kiev is the capital.
1917	22 December	The Independent State of Flanders declares its independence from the Kingdom of Belgium. Brussels is the capital.
1917	6 December	The Republic of Finland gains independence from the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. Helsinki is the capital.
1917	2 December	The Emirate of Chechenia declares its independence from the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. Vedeno is the capital.
1917	7 November	The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic supersedes the Russian Republic.
1917	14 September	The Russian Republic supersedes the Provisional Government of Russia.
1917	12 July	End of the Manchu Restoration.
1917	1 July	Xuantong reinstalled as the Emperor of China in an event now called the "Manchu Restoration".
1917	12 April	The Autonomous Governorate of Estonia is created from the Governorate of Estonia and some of the Governorate of Livonia of the Russian Empire.
1917	31 March	The United States takes possession of the United States Virgin Islands according to the terms of the Treaty of the Danish West Indies.
1917	15 March	The Provisional Government of Russia supersedes the Russian Empire in the wake of the February Revolution.
1916	5 November	Germany and Austria-Hungary proclaim the establishment of the Kingdom of Poland. Warsaw is the capital.
1916	22 March	The Empire of China is abolished.
1915	12 December	Hongxian proclaims the Empire of China. Beijing is the capital.
1914	1 September	The Russian Empire changes the name of its capital from Saint Petersburg to Petrograd.
1914	17 April	Tannu Uriankhai is officially made a protectorate of the Russian Empire.
1914	7 March	Albania becomes the Principality of Albania.
1914		The Kingdom of Kongo is annexed to Portuguese Angola.
1913	29 September	Following the Second Balkan War, the Treaty of Constantinople is signed, by the terms of which: The Ottoman Empire regains the portions of Eastern Thrace it lost in the First Balkan War. The Balkan League gains all Ottoman territory west of the line joining Enez and Kıyıköy.
1913	10 August	Following the Second Balkan War, the Treaty of Bucharest is signed, by the terms of which: Bulgaria gains Western Thrace and the southern portions of what are now Blagoevgrad Province and Burgas Province. Romania gains Southern Dobruja. Serbia gains Kosovo, most of what is now the Republic of Macedonia, and some new land to the west of its previous borders. Greece gains Epirus, West Macedonia, Central Macedonia, and most of the islands in the Aegean Sea that it did not control before the war. Albania gains southern, eastern, and northern lands that bring it to its current borders. Albania becomes officially independent, though a large portion of its lands are disputed. Montenegro gains most of what is now its Northern Region.
1913	13 February	Tibet declares independence from the Republic of China.
1912	28 November	Albania declares its independence from the Ottoman Empire. Tirana is the capital.
1912	27 November	The Treaty Between France and Spain Regarding Morocco assigns the northern and southern strips of Morocco to Spain.
1912	30 March	The Treaty of Fez formally re-establishes Morocco as a French Protectorate.
1912	1 January	The Republic of China overthrows the Qing dynasty of China in the Xinhai Revolution. Nanking is the provisional capital.
1912		The Wadai Empire is disestablished and annexed into French Chad.
1911	29 December	The Bogd Khanate of Mongolia declares independence from the Qing dynasty of China. Niislel Khüree is the capital.
1911	4 November	In the Morocco–Congo Treaty, Germany acquires the Neukamerun region from France in exchange for dropping German claims in Morocco.
1910	5 October	The first Portuguese Republic supersedes the Kingdom of Portugal.
1910	22 August	The Korean Empire capitulates and is annexed by the Empire of Japan.
1910	31 May	The Cape Colony, the Colony of Natal, the Transvaal, and the Orange River Colony unite as the Union of South Africa to gain independence from the United Kingdom.
1910	15 January	The French Republic creates French Equatorial Africa from its colonies of Gabon, Middle Congo, and Oubangui-Chari. Libreville and Bangui yield to Brazzaville as the capital.
1910	The Kasanje Kingdom is annexed to Portuguese Angola.	-

1900s

Year	Date	Event
1909	9 July	The Kingdom of Siam transfers its southernmost provinces to British Malaya in the Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909.
1908	15 November	King Leopold II of Belgium sells his private Congo Free State to the Kingdom of Belgium. The colony is renamed the Belgian Congo.
1908	6 October	Austria-Hungary formally annexes the Ottoman Vilayet of Bosnia as the Condominium of Bosnia and Herzegovina
1908	5 August	The Kingdom of Bulgaria gains independence from the Ottoman Empire. Sofia is the capital.
1907	17 December	Ugyen Wangchuck establishes the Kingdom of Bhutan. Punakha is the winter capital and Thimphu is the summer capital.
1907	26 September	New Zealand gains independence from the United Kingdom. Wellington is the capital.
1907	24 April	The border between the Republic of the United States of Brazil and the Republic of Colombia is defined by the Bogotá Treaty. Brazil gains lands on the margins of the Solimoes River at the area known as Cabeça de Cachorro.
1907	23 March	The Kingdom of Siam concedes territory to French Indochina in exchange for Trat.
1906		The French Republic divides its colony of French Congo into the colonies of Gabon and Middle Congo. Libreville remains the capital of Gabon. Brazzaville becomes the capital of Middle Congo.
1905	26 October	The Kingdom of Sweden recognizes the union dissolution and the independence of Kingdom of Norway.
1905	5 September	The Liaodong Peninsula and the Russian railway in south Manchuria are leased to the Empire of Japan following the Treaty of Portsmouth.
1905	5 September	The Empire of Japan annexes Sakhalin Island south of 50° N following the Treaty of Portsmouth.
1905	7 June	The Kingdom of Norway declares its independence from the United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway through dissolution of the personal union with Kingdom of Sweden.
1904	4 October	The Franco-Spanish Convention of Paris acknowledges formal control of Saguia el-Hamra by the Kingdom of Spain.
1904	13 February	Following the Franco-Siamese Convention, the Kingdom of Siam concedes border territories to French Indochina in exchange for French-occupied Chantaburi.
1904		The border between the Republic of the United States of Brazil and British Guiana is defined by arbitration. Approximately half of the disputed land goes to each side.
1903	18 November	The new Republic of Panama grants the United States of America control of the Panama Canal Zone. Balboa is the administrative center.
1903	11 November	The Republic of Bolivia and the Republic of the United States of Brazil sign the Treaty of Petrópolis. Bolivia receives land in Mato Grosso from Brazil, and Brazil absorbs the Republic of Acre.
1903	3 November	The Republic of Panama secedes from the Republic of Colombia. Panama City is the capital.
1903	29 July	The Adamawa Emirate is annexed into the Northern Nigeria Protectorate and Kamerun.
1903	12 May	Mauritania becomes a protectorate of the French Republic. Saint-Louis is the capital.
1903	27 January	The third Republic of Acre declares its independence from Bolivia. The capital is Antimary.
1902	20 November	King Edward VII of Britain adjusts borders in the Cordillera of the Andes Boundary Case 1902.
1902	31 May	The United Kingdom creates the Orange River Colony from the Orange Free State and the Transvaal Colony from the South African Republic. Bloemfontein and Pretoria remains the respective capitals.
1902	20 May	The Republic of Cuba gains independence from the United States of America. Havana is the capital.
1902		The Zaria Emirate and the Abuja Emirate are annexed into the Northern Nigeria Protectorate.
1902		The Mandara Kingdom is annexed into Kamerun.
1901	1 January	The Commonwealth of Australia is established by federation of the British colonies of New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia and Tasmania. Melbourne is the capital until 1927.
1900	5 September	The colony of French Chad is established. Fort-Lamy is the capital.
1900	28 May	The United Kingdom occupies the Orange Free State.
1900	March	The first Republic of Acre capitulates and is reabsorbed by the Republic of Bolivia. Later the same year, the second Republic of Acre is declared with Antimary as its capital, and it is again reabsorbed by Bolivia.
1900		The border between the Republic of the United States of Brazil and the French colony of Guyane is defined by arbitration. The French troops that advanced to the margins of the Araguari River repair to the Oiapoque River.

19th century

1890s

1880s

1870s

Year	Date	Event
1878	12 November	The territories between the Pilcomayo River and Verde River, claimed by Argentina and Paraguay, are awarded to Paraguay in an arbitration by Rutherford B. Hayes.
1878	13 July	The Principality of Bulgaria moves its capital from Plovdiv to Sofia.
1878	13 July	The Principality of Bulgaria is shrunk significantly
1878	13 July	Eastern Rumelia is created as an autonomous province of the Ottoman Empire
1878	13 July	Austro-Hungarian occupation of the Vilayet of Bosnia is recognized; De facto under Austro-Hungarian rule.
1878	13 July	The Ottoman Empire cedes Thessaly and small parts of Epirus to Greece
1878	13 July	Alashkerd and Bayazid are returned to the Ottoman Empire
1878	21 May	The Principality of Romania gains independence from the Ottoman Empire. Bucharest is the capital.
1878	3 March	The Principality of Bulgaria is established by the Treaty of San Stefano. Plovdiv is the capital.
1878	3 March	The Ottoman Empire recognizes Montenegro and cedes it territory including Nikšić, Podgorica and Antivari
1878	3 March	Serbia gains independence and annexes Niš and Leskovac
1878	3 March	The Ottoman Empire recognizes Romanian independence
1878	3 March	Russia cedes Northern Dobruja to Romania
1878	3 March	Romania cedes Southern Bessarabia to Russia
1878	3 March	The Ottoman Empire cedes Armenian and Georgian territories in the Caucasus to Russia, including Ardahan, Artvin, Batum, Kars, Olti, Beyazit, and Alashkert.
1878	3 March	The Vilayet of Bosnia becomes an autonomous province
1878	3 March	Crete, Epirus and Thessaly receive limited self-government
1878		The Argentine campaign to take control of Patagonic territories start. By the end of 1879 Argentina's control would go as far as the Negro River.
1877	12 April	The United Kingdom annexes the South African Republic as the Transvaal Colony.
1876	3 February	Limits between Paraguay and Argentina are established, following the Paraguayan War. Argentina is awarded the Central Chaco and some territories in Misiones. The territories between the Pilcomayo River and Verde River are pending arbitration.
1875	7 May	Japan cedes southern Sakhalin Island to Russia in exchange for the Kuril Islands north of Iturup
1874	29 December	The restored Monarchy of Spain supersedes the first First Spanish Republic.
1873	17 November	With the unification of Buda, Óbuda and Pest, Budapest becomes the capital of the Hungarian Kingdom.
1873	1 July	Prince Edward Island joins Canada.
1873	11 February	The First Spanish Republic supersedes the Monarchy of Spain.
1871	9 January	Limits between Paraguay and the Brazilian Empire are established, following the Paraguayan War. Brazil enlarges its Mato Grosso region.
1871	20 July	British Columbia joins Canada.
1871	10 May	Germany annexes Moselle and most of Alsace from France following the Franco-Prussian War, which becomes the Imperial Territory of Alsace-Lorraine.
1871	1 January	The German Empire supersedes the North German Confederation. Berlin remains the capital.
1871		Rome replaces Florence as the capital city of Italy.
1870	20 September	Italy annexes the area around Rome, ending the Papal States, succeeded by the States of the Church.
1870	4 September	The third French Republic supersedes the second French Empire.
1870	20 July	The Crown Colony of British Columbia joins the Dominion of Canada.
1870	15 July	Hudson's Bay Company transfers North-Western Territory to Canada.

1860s

1850s

1840s

1830s

1820s

1810s

Year	Date	Event
1819	17 December	Gran Colombia is established from the previous Second Republic of Venezuela, United Provinces of New Granada, and the Presidency of Quito
1819	7 August	The United Provinces of New Granada gains independence from the Monarchy of Spain. Bogotá is the capital.
1817	5 April	The Battle of Maipú secures Chilean independence from Spain
1817	12 February	The State of Chile again declares its independence from the Monarchy of Spain. Santiago is the capital.
1817	20 January	The United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves occupies the Banda Oriental as Cisplatina.
1816	9 July	The United Provinces in South America declares its independence from the Monarchy of Spain. Buenos Aires remains the capital.
1816	6 May	Spanish reconquest of New Granada ends the early Colombian independent governments
1815	16 December	The United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves supersedes the Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves. Rio de Janeiro remains the capital-in-exile.
1815	21 November	Miloš Obrenović establishes the Principality of Serbia. Kragujevac is the capital.
1815	29 June	The Federal League, an alliance of several Argentine Provinces and modern-day Uruguay, is established.
1815	8 July	The restored Kingdom of France supersedes the first French Empire.
1815	9 June	The Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia is formed from the Milanese and Venetian portions of the Kingdom of Italy and becomes a crown land of the Austrian Empire
1815	9 June	Austria gains the territory of the former Republic of Ragusa
1815	9 June	Grand Duchy of Tuscany is re-established and is given Piombino
1815	9 June	The Duchy of Lucca is created in place of the former Republic of Lucca
1815	9 June	The Duchy of Warsaw is partitioned into the Grand Duchy of Posen, Congress Poland and the Free City of Kraków
1815	9 June	Prussia is awarded Danzig, much of the Kingdom of Saxony, Westphalia and the Rhineland.
1815	9 June	The United Kingdom of the Netherlands is created from the former Dutch Republic and Austrian Netherlands, with Luxembourg in a personal union.
1815	9 June	Swedish Pomerania is ceded to Prussia.
1815	9 June	The Duchy of Lauenburg is ceded by Hanover to Denmark
1815	9 June	Hanover becomes a Kingdom annexes the former territories of the Bishop of Münster and East Frisia
1815	9 June	Bavaria gains the Palatinate and parts of the Duchy of Würzburg and Grand Duchy of Frankfurt
1815	9 June	Hesse-Darmstadt gains Rhenish Hesse
1815	9 June	British control of various colonies, including the Cape Colony, Tobago, and Ceylon, is recognized
1815	9 June	The United States of the Ionian Islands is formed as a British protectorate
1815	9 June	German Confederation established. Frankfurt is the capital.
1815	20 March	The first French Empire supersedes the Kingdom of France.
1815	16 March	The United Kingdom of the Netherlands supersedes the Sovereign Principality of the United Netherlands. Amsterdam and Brussels are the joint capitals.
1815		Sir Robert Brownrigg establishes the Crown Colony of Ceylon. Colombo becomes the capital.
1815		The capital of Bermuda is moved from St George to Hamilton
1814	4 November	The Kingdom of Norway joins a personal union with the Kingdom of Sweden. Stockholm and Christiania are the capitals.
1814	2 October	The Monarchy of Spain reconquers Chile.
1814	17 May	Norway declares full independence, electing its own king and adopting its own constitution.
1814	11 April	Napoleon abdicates from the Italian throne, effectively dissolving the Kingdom.
1814	6 April	The restored Kingdom of France supersedes the First French Empire.
1814	29 March	The Netherlands are reestablished from France as the Sovereign Princedom of the Netherlands.
1814	17 May	Denmark cedes Norway to Sweden through the peace of Kiel.
1814		Various Italian states are reinstated, including the Duchy of Modena and Reggio and the Papal States.
1814	17 May	The Kingdom of Sardinia reclaims its mainland territory and annexes the land of the former Republic of Genoa.
1814	14 January	The Kingdom of Norway secedes Denmark–Norway. Christiania is the capital.
1814	The Principality of Andorra declares independence from the First French Empire. Andorra la Vella is the capital.	-
1813	11 December	The Treaty of Valençay ends formally the Peninsular War, with the restoration of Ferdinand VII of Spain and releasing the country from being a client state of the Napoleonic French Empire.
1813	2 December	The Sovereign Principality of the United Netherlands is created from the ruins of the first French Empire. Amsterdam is the capital.
1813	19 October	The Confederation of the Rhine dissolves.
1813	12 October	Paraguay becomes the Republic of Paraguay.
1813	7 August	The Second Republic of Venezuela is declared
1813	23 July	The British Malta Colony supersedes the Malta Protectorate.
1812	28 July	The First Republic of Venezuela is crushed by the Spanish Empire
1812	28 May	The eastern portion of the Principality of Moldavia is ceded to the Russian Empire by the Ottoman Empire in the Treaty of Bucharest
1812	14 May	France annexes Catalonia from Spain, creating the départements of Bouches-de-l'Èbre, Montserrat, Sègre and Ter. Andorra is also annexed and incorporated into the département of Sègre.
1811	27 November	The United Provinces of New Granada are established
1811	5 July	Venezuela declares independence from Spain
1811	14 May	Paraguay gains independence from the Monarchy of Spain. Asunción is the capital.
1811	28 March	The Kingdom of Haiti supersedes the State of Haiti. Cap-Haïtien is the capital.
1810	13 December	France annexes northern Germany
1810	18 September	Chile declares its independence from the Monarchy of Spain. Santiago is the capital.
1810	16 September	México declares its independence from the Monarchy of Spain.
1810	20 July	Colombia declares its independence from the Monarchy of Spain.
1810	13 July	The Kingdom of Holland is annexed by the first French Empire.
1810	25 May	May Revolution. The Spanish viceroy in the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata is replaced by the Primera Junta. Creation of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata. Buenos Aires remains the capital.
1810	22 May	By the terms of the Treaty of Paris, the Principality of Regensburg is formally incorporated into the Kingdom of Bavaria
1810	19 April	The First Republic of Venezuela is established, starting the Venezuelan War of Independence from Spain
1810	April	Kamehameha I unifies the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi.
1810		The Rhodanic Republic is annexed by France and becomes the département of Simplon

1800s

18th century

1790s

1780s

1770s

1760s

1750s

1740s

1730s

1720s

1710s

1700s

17th century

16th century

15th century

14th century

13th century

12th century

11th century

1st Millennium CE

10th century

9th century

8th century

7th century

Year	Date	Event
690		King Go establishes Balhae in Manchuria and northern Korean Peninsula.
690	Wu Zhao establishes Wu Zhou in China. Shendu is the capital.	-
690	Muslims conquer North Africa	-
681		Khan Asparukh crosses the Danube Delta and settles in the Ongal area. Asparukh, with his Slav allies, defeats Byzantine Emperor Constantine IV and establishes the First Bulgarian Empire. Pliska is the capital.
680		The Kingdom of Ceredigion changes its name to the Kingdom of Seisyllwg.
676		Silla unified the Three Kingdoms of Korea.
634		The Anglian kingdoms of Bernicia and Deira unite to form Northumbria.
630	11 January	The Islamic prophet, Muhammad conquers Mecca and unites Arabia. Medina is the capital.
628		Hwicce becomes a client or sub-kingdom of Mercia.
618	18 June	Gaozu establishes the Tang dynasty in China. Chang'an and Luoyang are the capitals.
602		The Early Lý dynasty of Vietnam is conquered by the Sui dynasty of China. Start of the Third Chinese domination of Vietnam.

6th century

Year	Date	Event
581		Wen establishes the Sui dynasty in China.
557		Xiaomin establishes the Northern Zhou dynasty in China.
557	Wu establishes the Chen dynasty in China.	-
555		Xuan establishes the Western Liang dynasty in China.
553		The Ostrogothic Kingdom is conquered by the Byzantine Empire
550		Wenxuan establishes the Northern Qi dynasty in China.
544		Lý Nam Đế establishes the Early Lý dynasty in Vietnam. End of the Second Chinese domination of Vietnam.
538		The Baekje of Korea moves its capital from Ungjin to Sabi.
538		The Vandal Kingdom is conquered by the Byzantine Empire
534		Wen establishes the Western Wei dynasty in China.
534		Xiaojing establishes the Eastern Wei dynasty in China.
508		Frankish King Clovis the Frank makes Paris the capital of the Frankish Kingdom.
502		Wu establishes the Liang dynasty in China.

5th century

4th century

3rd century

1st century

Year	Date	Event
3 CE		The Goguryeo of Korea moves its capital from Jolbon to Gungnae.
5 CE		Romans conquer much of the Middle East
9 CE		Wang Mang establishes the Xin dynasty in China.
25 CE		Guangwu establishes the Eastern Han dynasty in China.
40 CE		The Trưng Sisters rebel against Chinese rule in Vietnam.
43 CE		Start of the Second Chinese domination of Vietnam.
43-47 CE		The Romans found Londinium, a town that will with time become modern London
71-84 CE		Conquest of Wales and Scotland by Romans

Before the Common Era

First Millennium BCE

Second Millennium BCE

Third Millennium BCE

Fourth Millennium BCE

Tenth Millennium BCE

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