Yemba language


Yɛmba or Yemba, also Yémba or Bamiléké Dschang, is a major Bamileke language in West Region of Cameroon. It was approximately spoken by 500,000 or so people in the country in 2023.
Despite originally being exclusively a spoken language, Yemba writing was developed by Maurice Tadadjeu and Steven Bird. Their team developed a small Yemba–French Dictionary covering French translations of over 3,000 Yemba words and expressions. The Mmuock dialect also has a proposed orthography.

Phonology

Consonants

  • Sounds /t͡ʃ ʃ ʒ/ are included as phonemes in some analyses. In most analyses, they are considered as allophones of /t͡s s z/.
  • Sounds are consonant alternation sounds between the following consonants /b d ɡ/.
  • Alternation sounds of /j w/ are labialized and palatalized sounds .
  • Graphemes of the alterations and allophones are noted in the Yemba alphabet as c sh j p l.
  • An /r/ sound can also be included in the current language, and written in the Yemba alphabet as r.
  • The prosodies of palatalization and labialization , are written orthographically with lowercase graphemes y w.
  • A grapheme for aspiration among consonants is written as h.

    Vowels

  • /ʉ/ is included as a phoneme in some analyses. In more abstract analyses, it is considered as a palatalization of /u/.
  • Vowel length is distinguished using double vowel sounds

    Tone

Three tones are marked as high , mid , or low . Low tones are unmarked when written.