October 30
Events
Pre-1600
- 130 - Emperor Hadrian establishes the city of Antinoöpolis on the Nile in honour of his companion Antinous, creating a new Hellenizing foundation in Roman Egypt.
- 637 - Arab–Byzantine wars: Antioch surrenders to the Rashidun Caliphate after the Battle of the Iron Bridge.
- 758 - Guangzhou is sacked by Arab and Persian pirates.
- 1137 - Ranulf of Apulia defeats Roger II of Sicily at the Battle of Rignano, securing his position as duke until his death two years later.
- 1270 - The Eighth Crusade ends by an agreement between Charles I of Anjou and the Hafsid dynasty of Tunis, Tunisia.
- 1340 - Reconquista: Portuguese and Castilian forces halt a Muslim invasion at the Battle of Río Salado.
1601–1900
- 1657 - Anglo-Spanish War: Spanish forces fail to retake Jamaica at the Battle of Ocho Rios.
- 1806 - War of the Fourth Coalition: Convinced that he is facing a much larger force, Prussian General von Romberg, commanding 5,300 men, surrenders the city of Stettin to 800 French soldiers.
- 1817 - Simón Bolívar becomes President of the Third Republic of Venezuela.
- 1831 - Nat Turner is arrested for leading the bloodiest slave rebellion in United States history.
- 1836 - Louis Napoleon launches the unsuccessful Strasbourg Coup to overthrow the July Monarchy in France
- 1858 - Approximately 20 people die in Bradford, England, UK, after being 1858 [Bradford sweets poisoning|poisoned] from ingesting sweets that had been accidentally adulterated with arsenic trioxide.
- 1863 - Danish Prince Vilhelm arrives in Athens to assume his throne as George I, King of the Hellenes.
- 1864 - Second War of Schleswig: The Treaty of Vienna is signed, by which Denmark relinquishes one province each to Prussia and Austria.
- 1888 - The Rudd Concession is granted by Matabeleland to agents of Cecil Rhodes.
1901–present
- 1905 - Tsar Nicholas II issues the October Manifesto, nominally granting the Russian peoples basic civil liberties and the right to form a duma.
- 1918 - World War I: The Ottoman Empire signs the Armistice of Mudros with the Allies.
- 1918 - World War I: Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen, a state union of Kingdom of Hungary and Triune Kingdom of Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia is abolished with decisions of Croatian and Hungarian parliaments.
- 1920 - The Communist Party of Australia is founded in Sydney.
- 1938 - Orson Welles broadcasts a radio adaptation of H. G. Wells's The [War of the Worlds (1938 radio drama)|The War of the Worlds], causing a massive panic in some of the audience in the United States.
- 1941 - President Roosevelt approves $1 billion in Lend-Lease aid to the Allied nations.
- 1941 - Holocaust: Fifteen hundred Jews from Pidhaytsi are sent by Nazis to Bełżec extermination camp.
- 1942 - World War II: Lt. Tony Fasson and Able Seaman Colin Grazier drown while taking code books from the sinking German submarine U-559.
- 1944 - Holocaust: Anne and Margot Frank are deported from Auschwitz to the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, where they die from disease the following year, shortly before the end of WWII.
- 1947 - The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, the foundation of the World Trade Organization, is founded.
- 1948 - A luzzu fishing boat overloaded with passengers 1948 [Gozo luzzu disaster|capsizes and sinks] in the Gozo Channel off Qala, Gozo, Malta, killing 23 of the 27 people on board.
- 1953 - President Eisenhower approves the top-secret document NSC 162/2 concerning the maintenance of a strong nuclear deterrent force against the Soviet Union.
- 1956 - Hungarian Revolution: The government of Imre Nagy recognizes newly established revolutionary workers' councils. Army officer Béla Király leads anti-Soviet militias in an attack on the headquarters of the Hungarian Working People's Party.
- 1959 - Piedmont Airlines Flight 349 crashes on approach to Charlottesville–Albemarle Airport in Albemarle County, Virginia, killing 26 of the 27 on board.
- 1961 - The Soviet Union detonates the Tsar Bomba, the most powerful explosive device ever detonated.
- 1968 - A squad of 120 North Korean Army commandos land in boats along a 25-mile long section of the eastern coast of South Korea in a failed attempt to overthrow the dictatorship of Park Chung Hee and bring about the reunification of Korea.
- 1973 - The Bosphorus Bridge in Turkey is completed, connecting the continents of Europe and Asia over the Bosphorus for the second time.
- 1975 - Prince Juan Carlos I of Spain becomes acting head of state, taking over for the country's ailing dictator, Gen. Francisco Franco.
- 1975 - Forty-five people are killed when Inex-Adria Aviopromet Flight 450 crashes into Suchdol, Prague, while on approach to Prague Ruzyně Airport in Czechoslovakia.
- 1980 - El Salvador and Honduras agree to put the border dispute fought over in 1969's Football War before the International Court of Justice.
- 1983 - The first democratic elections in Argentina, after seven years of military rule, are held.
- 1983 - A Erzurum earthquake|magnitude 6.6 earthquake] in the Turkish provinces of Erzurum and Kars leaves approximately 1,340 people dead.
- 1985 - Space Shuttle Challenger lifts off for mission STS-61-A, its final successful mission.
- 1991 - The Israeli-Palestinian conflict: The Madrid Conference commences in an effort to revive peace negotiations between Israel and Palestine.
- 1995 - Quebec citizens narrowly vote in favour of remaining a province of Canada in their 1995 [Quebec referendum|second referendum] on national sovereignty.
- 2005 - The rebuilt Dresden Frauenkirche is reconsecrated after a thirteen-year rebuilding project.
- 2013 - Forty-five people are killed and seven injured after a bus catches fire in Mahabubnagar district, Andhra Pradesh, India.
- 2014 - Sweden becomes the first European Union member state to officially recognize Palestine as an independent and sovereign state.
- 2014 - Four people are killed when a Beechcraft Super King Air crashes at Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National Airport in Wichita, Kansas.
- 2015 - A fire in a nightclub in the Romanian capital of Bucharest kills sixty-four people and leaves more than 147 injured.
- 2020 - A magnitude 7.0 earthquake strikes the Aegean Sea between Greece and Turkey, triggering a tsunami. At least 119 people die mainly due to collapsed buildings.
- 2022 - A pedestrian suspension bridge 2022 [Morbi bridge collapse|collapses] in the city of Morbi, Gujarat, leading to the deaths of at least 135 people.
- 2023 - First rescue of a prisoner during the Israeli invasion of Gaza.
Births
Pre-1600
- 39 BC - Julia the Elder, Roman daughter of Augustus
- 1218 - Emperor Chūkyō of Japan
- 1327 - Andrew, Duke of Calabria
- 1447 - Lucas Watzenrode, Prince-Bishop of Warmia
- 1492 - Anne d'Alençon, French noblewoman
- 1513 - Jacques Amyot, French bishop and translator
- 1558 - Jacques-Nompar de Caumont, duc de La Force, Marshal of France
1601–1900
- 1624 - Paul Pellisson, French historian and author
- 1632 - Christopher Wren, English physicist, mathematician, and architect, designed St Paul's Cathedral
- 1660 - Ernest August, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg
- 1668 - Sophia Charlotte of Hanover
- 1712 - Giovanni Pietro Francesco Agius de Soldanis, Maltese linguist, historian and cleric
- 1728 - Mary Hayley, English businesswoman
- 1735 - John Adams, American lawyer and politician, 2nd President of the United States
- 1741 - Angelica Kauffman, painter
- 1751 - Richard Brinsley Sheridan, Irish-English poet, playwright, and politician, Treasurer of the Navy
- 1762 - André Chénier, Turkish-French poet and playwright
- 1786 - Philippe-Joseph Aubert de Gaspé, Canadian captain and author
- 1799 - Ignace Bourget, Canadian bishop
- 1839 - Alfred Sisley, French-English painter
- 1857 - Georges Gilles de la Tourette, French-Swiss physician and neurologist
- 1861 - Antoine Bourdelle, French sculptor and painter
- 1868 - António Cabreira, Portuguese polygraph
- 1871 - Buck Freeman, American baseball player
- 1871 - Paul Valéry, French poet and philosopher
- 1873 - Francisco I. Madero, Mexican businessman and politician, 33rd President of Mexico
- 1877 - Hugo Celmiņš, Latvian politician, Prime Minister of Latvia
- 1878 - Arthur Scherbius, German electrical engineer, invented the Enigma machine
- 1881 - Elizabeth Madox Roberts, American poet and author
- 1882 - Oldřich Duras, Czech chess player and composer
- 1882 - William Halsey Jr., American admiral
- 1882 - Günther von Kluge, Polish-German field marshal
- 1885 - Ezra Pound, American poet and critic
- 1886 - Zoë Akins, American author, poet, and playwright
- 1887 - Sukumar Ray, Indian-Bangladeshi author, poet, and playwright
- 1888 - Louis Menges, American soccer player, soldier, and politician
- 1888 - Konstantinos Tsiklitiras, Greek footballer and high jumper
- 1892 - Charles Atlas, Italian-American bodybuilder
- 1893 - Roland Freisler, German soldier, lawyer, and judge
- 1894 - Jean Rostand, French biologist and philosopher
- 1894 - Peter Warlock, English composer and critic
- 1895 - Gerhard Domagk, German pathologist and bacteriologist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1895 - Dickinson W. Richards, American physician and physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1896 - Rex Cherryman, American actor
- 1896 - Ruth Gordon, American actress and screenwriter
- 1896 - Kostas Karyotakis, Greek poet and educator
- 1896 - Harry R. Truman, American soldier and inn keeper on Mount St. Helens, killed in the eruption
- 1896 - Antonino Votto, Italian conductor
- 1897 - Agustín Lara, Mexican singer-songwriter and actor
- 1898 - Bill Terry, American baseball player and manager
- 1900 - Ragnar Granit, Finnish-Swedish physiologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
1901–present
- 1905 - Johnny Miles, English-Canadian runner
- 1906 - Giuseppe Farina, Italian race car driver
- 1906 - Hermann Fegelein, German general
- 1906 - Alexander Gode, German-American linguist and translator
- 1907 - Sol Tax, American anthropologist and academic
- 1908 - Patsy Montana, American singer-songwriter and actress
- 1908 - U. Muthuramalingam Thevar, Indian politician
- 1908 - Peter Smith, English cricketer
- 1908 - Dmitry Ustinov, Marshal of the Soviet Union
- 1909 - Homi J. Bhabha, Indian-French physicist and academic
- 1910 - Miguel Hernández, Spanish poet and playwright
- 1910 - Luciano Sgrizzi, Italian-Monegasque organist and composer
- 1911 - Ruth Hussey, American actress
- 1914 - Richard E. Holz, American minister and composer
- 1914 - Leabua Jonathan, Basotho lawyer and politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Lesotho
- 1914 - Anna Wing, English actress
- 1915 - Fred W. Friendly, American journalist and producer
- 1915 - Jane Randolph, American-Swiss actress and singer
- 1916 - Leon Day, American baseball player
- 1917 - Bobby Bragan, American baseball player, coach, and manager
- 1917 - Minni Nurme, Estonian writer and poet
- 1917 - Nikolai Ogarkov, Russian field marshal
- 1917 - Maurice Trintignant, French race car driver
- 1920 - Christy Ring, Irish sportsman
- 1921 - Valli Lember-Bogatkina
- 1922 - Elena Mikhnenko, Ukrainian exile
- 1922 - Iancu Țucărman, Romanian Holocaust survivor
- 1922 - Jane White, American actress and singer
- 1923 - Gloria Oden, American poet and academic
- 1924 - John P. Craven, American soldier and engineer
- 1925 - Tommy Ridgley, American singer and bandleader
- 1926 - Jacques Swaters, Belgian race car driver and manager
- 1927 - Joe Adcock, American baseball player and manager
- 1928 - Daniel Nathans, American microbiologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1929 - Jean Chapman, English author
- 1929 - Olga Zubarry, Argentinian actress
- 1930 - Néstor Almendros, Spanish-American director and cinematographer
- 1930 - Christopher Foster, English economist and academic
- 1930 - Clifford Brown, American trumpet player and composer
- 1930 - Don Meineke, American basketball player
- 1931 - Vince Callahan, American lieutenant and politician
- 1931 - David M. Wilson, Manx archaeologist, historian, and curator
- 1932 - Barun De, Indian historian and author
- 1932 - Louis Malle, French director, producer, and screenwriter
- 1933 - Col Campbell, New Zealand gardener and television host
- 1934 - Keith Barnes, Welsh-Australian rugby player and coach
- 1934 - Frans Brüggen, Dutch flute player and conductor
- 1935 - Robert Caro, American journalist and author
- 1935 - Ágota Kristóf, Hungarian-Swiss author
- 1935 - Jim Perry, American baseball player
- 1935 - Michael Winner, English director, producer, and screenwriter
- 1936 - Polina Astakhova, Ukrainian gymnast and trainer
- 1936 - Dick Vermeil, American football player and coach
- 1937 - Claude Lelouch, French actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
- 1937 - Brian Price, Welsh rugby player
- 1938 - Morris Lurie, Australian novelist, short story writer, and playwright
- 1939 - Harvey Goldstein, English statistician and academic
- 1939 - Leland H. Hartwell, American biologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1939 - Eddie Holland, American singer-songwriter and producer
- 1939 - Grace Slick, American singer-songwriter and model
- 1941 - Marcel Berlins, French-English lawyer, journalist, and academic
- 1941 - Aleksandr Dulichenko, Russian-Estonian linguist and academic
- 1941 - Theodor W. Hänsch, German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1941 - Otis Williams, American singer-songwriter and producer
- 1941 - Bob Wilson, English footballer and sportscaster
- 1942 - Sven-David Sandström, Swedish composer and historian
- 1943 - Paul Claes, Belgian poet and translator
- 1943 - Joanna Shimkus, Canadian actress
- 1943 - David Triesman, Baron Triesman, English union leader and politician
- 1944 - Ahmed Chalabi, Iraqi businessman and politician
- 1945 - Henry Winkler, American actor, comedian, director, and producer
- 1945 - Lynne Marta, American actress
- 1946 - Robert L. Gibson, American captain, pilot, and astronaut
- 1946 - Andrea Mitchell, American journalist
- 1946 - Anthony Shorrocks, English economist, author, and academic
- 1946 - Chris Slade, Welsh drummer
- 1947 - Glenn Andreotta, American soldier
- 1947 - Tim Kirk, American illustrator and designer
- 1947 - Timothy B. Schmit, American singer-songwriter and bass player
- 1947 - Herschel Weingrod, American screenwriter and producer
- 1948 - Richard Alston, English dancer and choreographer
- 1948 - Garry McDonald, Australian actor and screenwriter
- 1949 - Larry Gene Bell, American murderer
- 1949 - Leon Rippy, American actor
- 1950 - Phil Chenier, American basketball player and broadcaster
- 1950 - Tim Sheens, Australian rugby league player and coach
- 1951 - Tony Bettenhausen Jr., American race car driver and businessman
- 1951 - Trilok Gurtu, Indian drummer and songwriter
- 1951 - Harry Hamlin, American actor
- 1951 - Poncho Sanchez, American singer and conga player
- 1953 - Pete Hoekstra, Dutch-American lawyer and politician
- 1953 - Charles Martin Smith, American actor, director, and screenwriter
- 1954 - Mahmoud El Khatib, Egyptian footballer
- 1954 - T. Graham Brown, American country singer-songwriter
- 1954 - Jeannie Kendall, American country singer-songwriter
- 1954 - Mario Testino, Peruvian-English photographer
- 1955 - Heidi Heitkamp, American lawyer and politician, 28th Attorney General of North Dakota
- 1956 - Juliet Stevenson, English actress
- 1957 - Shlomo Mintz, Israeli violinist and conductor
- 1957 - Kevin Pollak, American actor, game show host, and producer
- 1958 - Olav Dale, Norwegian saxophonist and composer
- 1958 - Joe Delaney, American football player
- 1958 - Ramona d'Viola, American cyclist and photographer
- 1958 - Pétur Guðmundsson, Icelandic basketball player and coach
- 1959 - Vincent Lagaf', French actor, singer, and game show host
- 1960 - Charnele Brown, American actress and singer
- 1960 - Grayson Hugh, American singer-songwriter
- 1960 - Diego Maradona, Argentinian footballer, coach, and manager
- 1961 - Scott Garrelts, American baseball player
- 1961 - Giorgos Papakonstantinou, Greek economist and politician, Greek Minister of Finance
- 1961 - Larry Wilmore, American comedian and television host
- 1962 - Stefan Kuntz, German footballer and manager
- 1962 - Danny Tartabull, Puerto Rican baseball player
- 1962 - Courtney Walsh, Jamaican cricketer
- 1963 - Michael Beach, American actor and producer
- 1963 - Rebecca Heineman, American video game designer and programmer
- 1963 - Andrew Solomon, American-English journalist and author
- 1963 - Mike Veletta, Australian cricketer and coach
- 1963 - Kristina Wagner, American actress
- 1964 - Adnan Al Talyani, Emirati footballer
- 1964 - Humayun Kabir Dhali, Bangladeshi journalist and author
- 1964 - Howard Lederer, American poker player
- 1965 - Gavin Rossdale, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
- 1967 - Brad Aitken, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1967 - Leonidas Kavakos, Greek violinist and conductor
- 1968 - Emmanuelle Claret, French biathlete
- 1968 - Jack Plotnick, American actor, director, and producer
- 1968 - Ken Stringfellow, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1969 - Stanislav Gross, Czech lawyer and politician, 5th Prime Minister of the Czech Republic
- 1969 - Snow, Canadian rapper and reggae singer-songwriter
- 1969 - Vangelis Vourtzoumis, Greek basketball player
- 1970 - Ben Bailey, American comedian and game show host
- 1970 - Tory Belleci, American visual effects designer and television presenter
- 1970 - Christine Bersola-Babao, Filipino journalist and actress
- 1970 - Billy Brown, American actor
- 1970 - Nia Long, American actress
- 1970 - Ekaterini Voggoli, Greek discus thrower
- 1971 - Fredi Bobic, Slovenian-German footballer and manager
- 1971 - Tzanis Stavrakopoulos, Greek basketball player
- 1971 - Suzan van der Wielen, Dutch field hockey player
- 1972 - Jessica Hynes, English actress, producer, and screenwriter
- 1973 - Michael Buettner, Australian rugby league player and official
- 1973 - Silvia Corzo, Colombian lawyer and journalist
- 1973 - Edge, Canadian wrestler and actor
- 1973 - Michael Oakes, English footballer and manager
- 1973 - Raci Şaşmaz, Turkish actor, producer, and screenwriter
- 1975 - Ian D'Sa, English-Canadian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
- 1975 - Marco Scutaro, Venezuelan baseball player
- 1976 - Stern John, Trinidadian footballer
- 1976 - Ümit Özat, Turkish footballer and manager
- 1976 - Maurice Taylor, American basketball player
- 1978 - Martin Dossett, American football player
- 1978 - Stephanie Izard, American chef
- 1978 - Matthew Morrison, American singer-songwriter and actor
- 1978 - Dan Poulter, English physician and politician
- 1978 - Derren Witcombe, New Zealand rugby player and cricketer
- 1979 - Jason Bartlett, American baseball player
- 1980 - Rich Alvarez, Filipino-Japanese basketball player
- 1980 - Choi Hong-man, South Korean wrestler and mixed martial artist
- 1980 - Kareem Rush, American basketball player
- 1981 - Fiona Dourif, American actress
- 1981 - Joshua Jay, American magician and author
- 1981 - Jun Ji-hyun, South Korean model and actress
- 1981 - Ayaka Kimura, Japanese singer and actress
- 1981 - Shaun Sipos, Canadian actor
- 1981 - Ian Snell, American baseball player
- 1981 - Ivanka Trump, American model and businesswoman
- 1982 - Andy Greene, American ice hockey player
- 1982 - Manny Parra, American baseball player
- 1982 - Clémence Poésy, French actress and model
- 1982 - Stalley, American rapper
- 1983 - Trent Edwards, American football player
- 1983 - Iain Hume, Canadian soccer player
- 1983 - Maor Melikson, Israeli footballer
- 1984 - Gedo, Egyptian footballer
- 1984 - Eva Marcille, American model and actress
- 1984 - David Mooney, Irish footballer
- 1984 - Isaac Ross, New Zealand rugby player
- 1984 - Tyson Strachan, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1985 - Ragnar Klavan, Estonian footballer
- 1986 - Desmond Jennings, American baseball player
- 1986 - Thomas Morgenstern, Austrian ski jumper
- 1986 - Keisuke Sohma, Japanese actor
- 1986 - Tamera Young, American basketball player
- 1987 - Danielle Fong, Canadian entrepreneur, co-founder and chief scientist of LightSail Energy
- 1987 - Ashley Graham, American model
- 1987 - Ali Riley, New Zealand footballer
- 1988 - Janel Parrish, American actress and singer
- 1989 - Ashley Barnes, Austrian-English footballer
- 1989 - Nastia Liukin, Russian-American gymnast and actress
- 1990 - Joe Panik, American baseball player
- 1990 - Suwaibou Sanneh, Gambian sprinter
- 1991 - Jarell Eddie, American basketball player
- 1991 - Artemi Panarin, Russian ice hockey player
- 1991 - Tomáš Satoranský, Czech basketball player
- 1992 - Matt Parcell, Australian rugby league player
- 1992 - Camila Silva, Chilean tennis player
- 1993 - Marcus Mariota, American football player
- 1994 - Mia Eklund, Finnish tennis player
- 1996 - Devin Booker, American basketball player
- 1996 - Dennis Gilbert, American ice hockey player
- 1996 - Kennedy McMann, American actress
- 1996 - Kim Ji-sung, South Korean actress
- 1997 - Tage Thompson, American ice hockey player
- 1998 - Cale Makar, Canadian ice hockey player
- 2000 - Giselle, Japanese singer
Deaths
Pre-1600
- 526 - Paul of Edessa, Syriac Orthodox bishop of Edessa
- 1137 - Sergius VII, Duke of Naples
- 1282 - Ibn Khallikan, Iraqi scholar and judge
- 1459 - Poggio Bracciolini, Italian scholar and translator
- 1466 - Johann Fust, German printer
- 1522 - Jean Mouton, French composer and educator
- 1553 - Jacob Sturm von Sturmeck, German politician
1601–1900
- 1602 - Jean-Jacques Boissard, French poet and illustrator
- 1611 - Charles IX of Sweden
- 1626 - Willebrord Snell, Dutch astronomer and mathematician
- 1632 - Henri II de Montmorency, French admiral and politician
- 1654 - Emperor Go-Kōmyō of Japan
- 1680 - Antoinette Bourignon, French-Flemish mystic
- 1685 - Michel Le Tellier, French lawyer and politician, French Secretary of State for War
- 1690 - Hieronymus van Beverningh, Dutch diplomat and politician
- 1730 - Nedîm, Turkish poet
- 1757 - Osman III, Ottoman sultan
- 1757 - Edward Vernon, English admiral and politician
- 1809 - William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
- 1816 - Frederick I of Württemberg
- 1842 - Allan Cunningham, Scottish author and poet
- 1853 - Pietro Raimondi, Italian composer
- 1882 - William Forster, Indian-Australian politician, 4th Premier of New South Wales
- 1883 - Dayananda Saraswati, Indian philosopher and scholar
- 1883 - Robert Volkmann, German pianist and composer
- 1893 - John Abbott, Canadian lawyer and politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Canada
- 1894 - Honoré Mercier, Canadian lawyer and politician, 9th Premier of Quebec
- 1895 - James Patterson, English-Australian politician, 17th Premier of Victoria
- 1896 - Carol Benesch, Czech architect, designed Peleș Castle
- 1899 - William H. Webb, American shipbuilder and philanthropist
1901–present
- 1905 - Boyd Dunlop Morehead, Australian politician, 10th Premier of Queensland
- 1910 - Henry Dunant, Swiss activist, founded the International [Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement|Red Cross], Nobel Prize laureate
- 1912 - Alejandro Gorostiaga, Chilean colonel
- 1912 - James S. Sherman, American lawyer and politician, 27th Vice President of the United States
- 1915 - Charles Tupper, Canadian physician, lawyer, and politician, 6th Prime Minister of Canada
- 1917 - Talbot Mercer Papineau, Canadian lawyer and soldier
- 1919 - Ella Wheeler Wilcox, American author and poet
- 1923 - Bonar Law, Canadian-English banker and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
- 1929 - Norman Pritchard, Indian-English hurdler and actor
- 1933 - Svend Kornbeck, Danish actor
- 1942 - Walter Buckmaster, English polo player and stockbroker, co-founder of Buckmaster & Moore
- 1943 - Max Reinhardt, Austrian-born American actor and director
- 1957 - Fred Beebe, American baseball player and coach
- 1961 - Luigi Einaudi, Italian economist and politician, 2nd President of the Italian Republic
- 1963 - U. Muthuramalingam Thevar, Indian lawyer and politician
- 1965 - Arthur M. Schlesinger, Sr., American historian and author
- 1966 - Yiorgos Theotokas, Greek author and playwright
- 1968 - Ramon Novarro, Mexican-American actor, singer, and director
- 1968 - Conrad Richter, American journalist and novelist
- 1968 - Rose Wilder Lane, American journalist and author
- 1973 - Ants Lauter, Estonian actor and director
- 1975 - Gustav Ludwig Hertz, German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1979 - Barnes Wallis, English scientist and engineer, inventor of the "bouncing bomb"
- 1982 - Iryna Vilde, Ukrainian author and educator
- 1987 - Joseph Campbell, American mythologist, scholar, and author
- 1988 - T. Hee, American animator and screenwriter
- 1988 - Florence Nagle, English trainer and breeder of racehorses
- 1990 - V. Shantaram, Indian actor, director, and producer
- 1992 - Joan Mitchell, American painter
- 1993 - Paul Grégoire, Canadian cardinal
- 1993 - Peter Kemp, English soldier, mercenary, and writer
- 1996 - John Young, Scottish actor
- 1997 - Samuel Fuller, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
- 1999 - Maigonis Valdmanis, Latvian basketball player
- 2000 - Steve Allen, American actor, television personality, game show panelist, and talk show host
- 2002 - Juan Antonio Bardem, Spanish actor, director, and screenwriter
- 2002 - Jam Master Jay, American rapper and producer
- 2003 - Steve O'Rourke, English race car driver and manager
- 2004 - Phyllis Frost, Australian philanthropist, founded Keep Australia Beautiful
- 2004 - Peggy Ryan, American actress and dancer
- 2005 - Al López, American baseball player and manager
- 2005 - Shamsher Singh Sheri, Indian politician
- 2006 - Clifford Geertz, American anthropologist and author
- 2006 - Junji Kinoshita, Japanese playwright and scholar
- 2007 - Washoe, American chimpanzee
- 2007 - Robert Goulet, American actor and singer
- 2007 - Linda S. Stein, American businesswoman and manager
- 2007 - John Woodruff, American runner and colonel
- 2008 - Pedro Pompilio, Argentinian businessman
- 2009 - Claude Lévi-Strauss, French anthropologist and ethnologist
- 2010 - Harry Mulisch, Dutch author, poet, and playwright
- 2012 - Franck Biancheri, French politician
- 2012 - Samina Raja, Pakistani poet and educator
- 2012 - Dan Tieman, American basketball player and coach
- 2013 - Bill Currie, American baseball player
- 2013 - Pete Haycock, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 2013 - Michael Palmer, American physician and author
- 2013 - Frank Wess, American saxophonist and flute player
- 2014 - Elijah Malok Aleng, Sudanese general and politician
- 2014 - Renée Asherson, English actress
- 2014 - Juan Flavier, Filipino physician and politician
- 2014 - Ida Elizabeth Osbourne, Australian actress and radio host
- 2014 - Bob Geigel, American wrestler and promoter
- 2014 - Thomas Menino, American businessman and politician, 53rd Mayor of Boston
- 2015 - Mel Daniels, American basketball player and coach
- 2015 - Al Molinaro, American actor
- 2015 - Sinan Şamil Sam, Turkish boxer
- 2015 - Norm Siebern, American baseball player and scout
- 2017 - Kim Joo-hyuk, South Korean actor
- 2024 - Matt Peacock, Australian journalist and author
Holidays and observances
- Anniversary of the Declaration of the Slovak Nation
- Christian feast day:
- *Ethelnoth (Egelnoth) the Good
- *Blessed Dominic Collins
- *Gerard of Potenza
- *Blessed Maria Teresa of St. Joseph
- *John Wycliffe
- *Marcellus of Tangier
- *Saturninus of Cagliari
- *Serapion of Antioch
- *Talarican (Tarkin)
- *Theonistus
- *Zenobios and Zenobia
- *October 30 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
- Day of Remembrance of the Victims of Political Repressions
- Thevar Jayanthi
- Mischief Night